cml

Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase

Validation StatusConfirmed2+ DBs

Overview

Mechanism: Increased efflux
Validation Method: BLAST+ against the database
Drug Classes: CHLORAMPHENICOL, Phenicol, Chloramphenicol
Organisms: Plasmid R26, Shewanella algae, Escherichia coli, Mycobacteroides abscessus complex, Salmonella enterica serotype Kentucky, Salmonella enterica, Ensifer sp. M14, Brucella anthropi, Myxococcus xanthus DK 1622, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Geographic Location: Southeast Nigeria, Thailand, Zimbabwe
Papers: 6
Databases: Reference Gene CatalogResFinder DatabaseReslit

Papers6

Nucleotide sequence of the R26 chloramphenicol resistance determinant and identification of its gene product.

PMID 3011609 · 1986

Gene Information

Gene Name: cml
Allele: cml
Source Database: ResFinder Database
Mechanism: Increased efflux
Confers Resistance To: CHLORAMPHENICOL
Organisms Tested In: • Plasmid R26
Sequence Accession: M22614
Notes: MFS transporter

S. algae as a reservoir and a vehicle of potential antimicrobial resistance

PMID 35143386

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in S. algae strains, including genes conferring resistance to beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, quinolones, phenicols, macrolides, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and lincosamides.

Gene Information

Gene Name: cml
Allele: cml
Encodes: Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase
Source Database: Reslit
Confers Resistance To: Phenicol
Organisms Tested In: • Shewanella algae
Validation Method: BLAST+ against the database

Molecular characterization of extended spectrum cephalosporin resistant Escherichia coli isolated from livestock and in-contact humans in Southeast Nigeria.

PMID 35935201 · 2022

The study identified four variants of bla CTX-M (CTX-M-15, CTX-M-55, CTX-M-64, and CTX-M-65) in extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli from livestock and in-contact humans in Southeast Nigeria. Other AMR genes such as bla TEM-1b, aac 3-IId, qnr S1, and sul 2 were also characterized.

Gene Information

Gene Name: cml
Allele: cml
Encodes: chloramphenicol acetyltransferase
Source Database: Reslit
Mechanism: chloramphenicol resistance
Confers Resistance To: Chloramphenicol
Organisms Tested In: • Escherichia coli
Geographic Location: Southeast Nigeria
Validation Method: WGS
Sequence Accession: PRJEB43719

The resistomes of Mycobacteroides abscessus complex and their possible acquisition from horizontal gene transfer.

PMID 36261788 · 2022

The study identifies numerous AMR genes in Mycobacteroides abscessus complex, highlighting the widespread presence of resistance to multiple antibiotic classes, including beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, glycopeptides, and others. Key findings include the detection of beta-lactamases like blaLAP-1 and blaTLA-2, 23S rRNA methyltransferases such as erm(33), erm(43), and erm(44), and various aminoglycoside modifying enzymes. Additionally, vancomycin resistance genes like vanA, vanB, and vanC were identified, along with efflux pump genes contributing to multidrug resistance.

Gene Information

Gene Name: cml
Allele: cml
Encodes: efflux protein
Source Database: Reslit
Confers Resistance To: Phenicol
Organisms Tested In: • Mycobacteroides abscessus complex
Validation Method: prevalently detected in >1,575 strains

Highly drug resistant clone of Salmonella Kentucky ST198 in clinical infections and poultry in Zimbabwe.

PMID 39843602 · 2023

The study identifies multiple AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella Kentucky ST198 strains from Zimbabwe, highlighting their multidrug resistance and the presence of specific resistance mechanisms such as blaCTX-M-14.1 and mutations in gyrA and parC.

Gene Information

Gene Name: cml
Allele: cml
Encodes: chloramphenicol acetyltransferase
Source Database: Reslit
Mechanism: modifies chloramphenicol
Confers Resistance To: Chloramphenicol
Organisms Tested In: • Salmonella enterica serotype Kentucky
Geographic Location: Zimbabwe
Validation Method: whole-genome sequencing and gene characterization
Sequence Accession: CP028357|NZ_CP043545.1|NZ_023376.1|GCA_006339875.2|GCA_011480175.2|GCA_007862665.2

Unveiling the Genetic Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Salmonella Population From 2016 to 2020 in Thai Canal Water.

PMID 40748775 · 2025

The study identified 50 acquired resistance genes and seven chromosomal-mediated gene mutations in Salmonella populations from Thai canal water, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains and the diversity of resistance mechanisms.