cmlA
efflux pump
Overview
- Mechanism
- efflux
- Validation Method
- MIC determination
- Drug Classes
- chloramphenicol, florfenicol
- Organisms
- Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium DT104, Salmonella enterica serovar Muenchen, Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis
- Geographic Location
- Europe, North Carolina|Virginia, Oklahoma, United States
- Papers
- 7
- Databases
- Reslit
Interplay between efflux pumps may provide either additive or multiplicative effects on drug resistance.
The study investigates the interplay between different efflux pumps in Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, demonstrating that simultaneous expression of multiple efflux pumps can lead to either additive or multiplicative effects on drug resistance.
Gene Information
- Gene Name
- cmlA
- Allele
- cmlA
- Encodes
- efflux pump
- Source Database
- Reslit
- Confers Resistance To
- chloramphenicol
- Organisms Tested In
- • Escherichia coli
- Validation Method
- MIC determination
Characterization of chloramphenicol and florfenicol resistance in Escherichia coli associated with bovine diarrhea.
The study identifies the flo gene as a mediator of nonenzymatic cross-resistance to both chloramphenicol and florfenicol in bovine E. coli isolates, along with the cmlA gene for chloramphenicol resistance.
Gene Information
- Gene Name
- cmlA
- Allele
- cmlA
- Encodes
- nonenzymatic chloramphenicol resistance via an efflux mechanism
- Source Database
- Reslit
- Mechanism
- efflux
- Confers Resistance To
- chloramphenicol
- Organisms Tested In
- • Escherichia coli
- Geographic Location
- United States
- Validation Method
- PCR and MIC testing
- Sequence Accession
- AF252855
Characterization of In53, a class 1 plasmid- and composite transposon-located integron of Escherichia coli which carries an unusual array of gene cassettes.
The study characterizes In53, a unique class 1 integron in Escherichia coli that carries multiple antibiotic resistance gene cassettes, including aadB, arr-2, cmlA5, qacI, aacA1b/orfG, oxa10, and aadA1, each contributing to resistance against various antibiotics.
Gene Information
- Gene Name
- cmlA
- Allele
- cmlA
- Encodes
- chloramphenicol transporter
- Source Database
- Reslit
- Confers Resistance To
- chloramphenicolflorfenicol
- Organisms Tested In
- • Salmonella typhimurium DT104
- Validation Method
- characterization of the nonenzymatic chloramphenicol resistance (cmlA) gene
- Sequence Accession
- AF205943
Characterization of chloramphenicol resistance in beta-hemolytic Escherichia coli associated with diarrhea in neonatal swine.
The study identified the cmlA, flo, and cat-2 genes as mediators of chloramphenicol resistance in beta-hemolytic Escherichia coli isolates from neonatal swine. cmlA and flo encode efflux pumps, while cat-2 encodes a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase.
Gene Information
- Gene Name
- cmlA
- Allele
- cmlA
- Encodes
- chloramphenicol efflux pump
- Source Database
- Reslit
- Confers Resistance To
- chloramphenicol
- Organisms Tested In
- • Escherichia coli
- Geographic Location
- Oklahoma
- Validation Method
- PCR detection and MIC testing
Mechanisms of resistance in multiple-antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli strains of human, animal, and food origins.
Gene Information
- Gene Name
- cmlA
- Allele
- cmlA
- Encodes
- chloramphenicol acetyltransferase
- Source Database
- Reslit
- Confers Resistance To
- chloramphenicol
- Organisms Tested In
- • Escherichia coli
- Validation Method
- PCR and sequencing
Multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Muenchen from pigs and humans and potential interserovar transfer of antimicrobial resistance.
The study identifies several AMR genes in multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Muenchen isolates from pigs and humans, including blaOXA-30, aadA2, aphA1-Iab, tetA(B), blaTEM, strA, cmlA, and tetA(A). These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, streptomycin, kanamycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and gentamicin.
Gene Information
- Gene Name
- cmlA
- Allele
- cmlA
- Encodes
- chloramphenicol acetyltransferase
- Source Database
- Reslit
- Confers Resistance To
- chloramphenicol
- Organisms Tested In
- • Salmonella enterica serovar Muenchen
- Geographic Location
- North Carolina|Virginia
- Validation Method
- PCR and DNA sequencing
- Sequence Accession
- AF071555
The genome sequence of Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis, a highly invasive and resistant zoonotic pathogen.
The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes on plasmids pSC138 and pSCV50 in Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis SC-B67, including blaTEM-1, blaCMY-2, tetRA, strA, aadA2, sulI, sulII, catI, cmlA, aph, sat, mef, mer, ebr, qac, and blaTEM-67. Additionally, mutations in the chromosomal genes gyrA and parC, along with the inactivation of acrR, contribute to ciprofloxacin resistance.
Gene Information
- Gene Name
- cmlA
- Allele
- cmlA
- Encodes
- chloramphenicol acetyltransferase
- Source Database
- Reslit
- Confers Resistance To
- chloramphenicol
- Organisms Tested In
- • Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis
- Geographic Location
- Europe
- Validation Method
- plasmid analysis
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