Browse AMR Genes
Explore antimicrobial resistance genes from the literature
Explore antimicrobial resistance genes from the literature
dihydrofolate reductase
Overview
| Allele | Database | Papers | Drug Classes | Organisms | Countries | Years | Sequence Accession | Protein Accession |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DfrA26 | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder DatabaseReslit | 12 | Trimethoprim, TRIMETHOPRIM +1 | Escherichia coli |
| Sweden, Global, China, United States, Europe |
| 2007, 2010, 2013, 2019, 2020, 2022, 2023, 2025 |
| AJ972619|AM403715 |
| CAL48457.1 |
| dfrA26 | Card DatabaseResFinder Database | 2 | TRIMETHOPRIM | Escherichia coli | - | 2007 | AM403715 | CAL48457.1 |
| dfrA-26 | Reslit | 1 | Trimethoprim | Stenotrophomonas pigmentata sp. nov. | China | 2024 | CP130832.1|OR936313 | - |
Two new dfr genes in trimethoprim-resistant integron-negative Escherichia coli isolates.
Two new trimethoprim resistance genes, dfrA24 and dfrA26, were identified in integron-negative Escherichia coli isolates.
Two new dfr genes in trimethoprim-resistant integron-negative Escherichia coli isolates.
Two new dfr genes in trimethoprim-resistant integron-negative Escherichia coli isolates.
Two new dfr genes in trimethoprim-resistant integron-negative Escherichia coli isolates.
Two new dfr genes in trimethoprim-resistant integron-negative Escherichia coli isolates.
Molecular characterisation of trimethoprim resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae during a two year intervention on trimethoprim use.
The study identified various dfr genes, including dfrA1, dfrA17, dfrA5, dfrA7, dfrA8, dfrA12, dfrA14, dfrA24, and dfrA26, as major contributors to trimethoprim resistance in E. coli and K. pneumoniae. The distribution of these genes remained largely unchanged during the intervention period.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria: Mechanisms and Current Challenges
This paper characterizes several beta-lactamases, including TEM-1, SHV-1, CTX-M-15, and NDM-1, which confer resistance to various beta-lactam antibiotics. It also identifies erm(B) and mef(A) as mechanisms of macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B resistance. Additionally, aadA1 and aac(6')-Ib are noted for aminoglycoside resistance, while catA1 and floR contribute to chloramphenicol resistance. The vanA gene is associated with glycopeptide resistance, and mcr-1 is linked to polymyxin resistance.
Complete genome analysis of a Haemophilus parasuis serovar 12 strain from China.
Three drug-resistant genes were identified in Haemophilus parasuis serovar 12 strain ZJ0906: dfra26 (trimethoprim resistance), pbp1a (penicillin resistance), and norm (ciprofloxacin resistance).
Applying Rapid Whole-Genome Sequencing To Predict Phenotypic Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Results among Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Clinical Isolates.
The study identified various AMR genes and mutations in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, including bla KPC-2, bla KPC-3, bla NDM-1, bla OXA-48, ampC, qnrB, qnrS, aac(6')-Ib-cr, armA, rmtB, tet(A), tet(B), tet(D), tet(G), sul1, sul2, sul3, dfrA1, dfrA12, dfrA14, dfrA25, dfrA26, dfrA30, oqxA, oqxB, and mgrB, as well as mutations in ompK35, ompK36, gyrA, parC, phoP, phoQ, pmrA, and pmrB, which contribute to resistance against multiple antibiotics.
Exploration into the origins and mobilization of di-hydrofolate reductase genes and the emergence of clinical resistance to trimethoprim.
The study identifies novel trimethoprim-resistance determinants in Acinetobacter clinical isolates, including dfrA38, dfrA39, dfrA40, and dfrA41, which confer resistance to trimethoprim. It also reveals that chromosomal folA genes can confer resistance to trimethoprim, indicating that resistance to trimethoprim predates clinical use.
The Use of Long-Read Sequencing Technologies in Infection Control: Horizontal Transfer of a bla(CTX-M-27) Containing lncFII Plasmid in a Patient Screening Sample.
The study identifies the horizontal transfer of a bla(CTX-M-27) containing lncFII plasmid between an Escherichia coli and a Klebsiella quasipneumoniae isolate, highlighting the role of plasmid-mediated resistance in multidrug-resistant bacteria.
A novel pathogenic species of genus Stenotrophomonas: Stenotrophomonas pigmentata sp. nov.
The study identifies a novel pathogenic species, Stenotrophomonas pigmentata sp. nov., which exhibits resistance to multiple antibiotics, including β-lactams, carbapenems, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Several multidrug resistance efflux pump and antibiotic resistance genes were found in its genome.
Stenotrophomonas tuberculopleuritidis sp. nov., a novel pathogenic Stenotrophomonas species isolated from tuberculous pleurisy patient.
The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes in Stenotrophomonas tuberculopleuritidis sp. nov., including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside resistance genes, and efflux pump genes, highlighting its multidrug-resistant nature and potential clinical significance.
Genome analysis of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae strain APPFJLYC01 reveals multidrug resistance and high virulence potential.
The study identified 10 antibiotic resistance genes in the Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae strain APPFJLYC01, including genes conferring resistance to multiple antibiotic classes such as β-lactams, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, and macrolides.
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