A novel complex class 1 integron was identified in a Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate from Portugal, containing genes arr-3, dfrA27, aadA16, and qnrB10, which confer resistance to various antibiotics including rifampin, trimethoprim, aminoglycosides, and quinolones.

The study characterized multiple AMR genes in ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates, including bla TEM-1B, bla CTX-M-15, bla SHV-1, bla OXA-1, aad AI6, aac (6′)Ib-cr, aph (6)Id, aph (3′)-Ib, oqx A, oqx B, fos A, ARR-3, sul 1, sul 2, dfr A14, dfr A27, cat A1, and cat B4.

The study characterizes the antimicrobial resistance genes and mutations in the emerging Klebsiella pneumoniae ST101 lineage, highlighting the presence of multiple resistance mechanisms including carbapenemases, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, and various other resistance genes.

The study identifies the floR gene as a major contributor to florfenicol resistance in Enterobacteriaceae, particularly in Leclercia adecarboxylata strain R25. Other resistance genes such as mdfA, aac(6')-Ib-cr, aadA16, qnrB6, sul1, dfrA27, arr-3, and qacEΔ1 were also characterized.

The study characterizes the recombination events in the conjugative virulence plasmid p15WZ-82_Vir during transmission, identifying multiple antibiotic resistance genes and their roles in the formation of mosaic plasmids that carry both virulence and resistance traits.

The study identified several AMR genes in two hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from renal transplant recipients, including bla CTX-M-15, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and others, indicating resistance to various antibiotics.

The study identified multiple AMR genes in a multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate from a Red Kangaroo, including beta-lactamases (bla DHA–3, bla SHV–1, bla CTX–M–14, bla TEM–191, bla TEM–1, bla CTX–M–3), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aph(3″)-Ib, aph(6)-Id, aac(3)-IIa, aac(6′)-Ib-cr, aadA16, arr-3), quinolone resistance genes (qnrS1, qnrB2), macrolide resistance gene (mphA), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul3, sul1), dihydrofolate reductase (dfrA3, dfrA27), chloramphenicol resistance gene (floR), tetracycline resistance genes (tetG, tetR), and multidrug efflux pump (qacEΔ1).

The study identified several β-lactamase genes, including bla CTX-M-5, bla OXA-1, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-3, and bla TEM-1, which contribute to extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production in multidrug-resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica isolates. Additionally, a mutation in the gyrA gene (D87N) was linked to quinolone resistance.

The study reports the first carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella michiganensis isolate from South African hospital effluent, harboring multiple resistance genes including blaOXA-181, blaOXY-5-1, qnrB6, qnrS1, aadA16, aac(6')-Ib-cr, aph(6)-Id, arr-3, sul1, sul2, dfrA14, and dfrA27.

The study identifies a novel plasmid-encoded VIM-2-producing Pseudomonas stutzeri strain, ZDHY95, with a complex genetic arrangement including a novel class I integron In1998 and various resistance genes such as blaVIM-2, aacA3, aadA13, cmlA8, blaOXA-246, arr3, dfrA27, qacEΔ1, sul1, aacA4'-30, aacA4', qnrVC1, catB11, blaCARB-4.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes, including bla NDM-5, bla OXA-10, and bla TEM-1B, in NDM-5-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates from an urban river in China. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as carbapenems, cephalosporins, quinolones, and aminoglycosides.

The study identified Klebsiella variicola and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains carrying multiple resistance genes, including bla KPC-2, bla TEM-1A, bla LEN17, aadA16, arr-3, qnrB4, oqxA/B, dfrA27, sul1, tetD, fosA, qacEΔ1, bla CTX-M-3, bla TEM-1B, bla CTX-M-65, bla SHV-27, aac(6')-IIa, rmtB, aph(3')-Ia, aadA16, qnrS1, aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrB91, oqxA/B, mph(A), tet(A), fosA, dfrA27, and two copies of qacEΔ1-sul1.

The study identified various antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in river biofilms upstream and downstream of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), including qnrA, qnrS, mfsA, ermC, ermX, macB, mefA_10, cat, catB3, aadB, aph(3')-III, AAC(3)-Ib, bacA_1, blaPer-1, blaIMP, blaTEM, blaKPC, blaDHA, cblA, ermC, ermY, ermX, mdtL, cusF, copD, qacA, mecA, dfrF, arnA, sul1, sulA, vat(A), IS6100, ISS1N, Intl1, blaCTX-M, blaIMP, mefA_10, tolC, mdfF, acrA, dfrA27, aac(6')-IIa, vanA, intl3, and TTV. These genes were associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as fluoroquinolones, macrolides, chloramphenicol, aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, polymyxins, sulfonamides, and others. The study also found that the resistome composition varied between upstream and downstream sites, indicating the impact of WWTP effluents on the distribution of ARGs in river biofilms.

The study identified several AMR genes in bla NDM-1 -harboring CREC isolates, including bla NDM-1, aac(3)-IId, aph(3")-Ib, aph(6)-Id, aadA5, aadA16, aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrB6, ARR-3, dfrA17, dfrA27, sul1, sul2, tet(A), mph(A), bla TEM-1C, bla TEM-57, bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-15, and bla CMY-2. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics, including carbapenems, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, rifampicin, trimethoprim, sulfonamides, tetracycline, and macrolides.

The study identifies the multidrug-resistance gene cfr for the first time in Salmonella, highlighting the expansion of the cfr reservoir and potential horizontal spread to other bacteria. It also detects various AMR genes such as floR, sul2, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3”)-Ib, aph(6)-Id, aac(6')-Ib-cr, bla CMY−2, bla TEM−1, qnrS1, erm(B), mph(E), msr(E), qepA8, arr-3, sul1, dfrA12, dfrA27, tet(A), tet(D), catB3, aadA16, aac(3)-IV, aph(4)-Ia, aadA2, and fosA7.

The study identifies a novel sequence type 4523 Klebsiella pneumoniae strain, ST4523, which is resistant to multiple antibiotics, including carbapenems, and carries the bla NDM-5 gene on a plasmid. The strain also possesses various other resistance genes on plasmids pSHX180-1 and pSHX180-NDM5.

The study identifies a novel IncHI1B plasmid, pYhe2001, in MDR Klebsiella pneumoniae 200 from swine, along with several resistance genes including blaCTX-M-27, aadA16, dfrA27, arr-6, aac(6')-Ib-cr, sul1, qnrB2, tetA, and floR. These genes contribute to resistance against multiple antibiotics.

The study identified bla DHA-1 as a critical gene for carbapenem resistance in K. quasipneumoniae FK688, and showed that its loss leads to decreased resistance. Other resistance genes such as qnrB4, tetA[B], arr-3, dfrA27, aadA16, qacΔE1, and sul1 were also found on the pNAR1 plasmid.

The study identified multiple AMR genes in Klebsiella isolates, including bla CTX-M-15, bla TEM-1, bla SHV, and bla OXA-1, which confer resistance to beta-lactams. Other genes like aac(3)-IIa, aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrB1, qnrB6, catA1, catA2, catB3, dfrA5, dfrA7, dfrA12, dfrA14, dfrA27, sul1, sul2, mph(A), tet(A), tet(D), fosA, ARR-3, and oqxAB were also found, contributing to resistance against aminoglycosides, quinolones, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole, macrolides, tetracycline, fosfomycin, rifampicin, and quinolones respectively. Mutations in ompK36, ompK37, and acrR were associated with resistance to cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, while mutations in RamR were linked to tigecycline resistance.

An MDR E. coli ST5506 strain was isolated from a migratory black skimmer, harboring a complex array including bla(CTX-M-2), bla(TEM-1C), aac(3)-VIa, aadA1, aph(3′)-Ia, sul1, dfrA27, and tetA, indicating resistance to various antimicrobials.

The study identifies multiple AMR genes and mutations in multidrug-resistant E. coli strains causing infections in dogs and cats, including bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-27, bla CTX-M-55, bla CMY-2, bla CMY-148, aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS1, qnrB6, aadA2, aadA5, aadA16, ant(3′′)-Ia, aph(3′)-Ia, aph(3′′)-Ib, aph(6)-Id, rmtB, floR, cmlA, catA, sul1, sul2, sul3, dfrA12, dfrA14, dfr17, dfrA27, tet(A), tet(B), tet(M), mph(A), erm(B), lnu(F), and arr-3, as well as the gyrA:p.S83L mutation.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Klebsiella isolates from neonates in the NICU, including bla NDM-1, bla CTX-M-15, bla SHV-67, aac(6')-Ib-cr, aadA16, aph(3'')-Ib, and others. These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics such as carbapenems, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones. Additionally, the study found a multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strain carrying several resistance genes and plasmids.

The study reports the genomic characteristics of a multidrug-resistant ST11 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate SM117 with capsular serotype KL25, co-carrying bla NDM-5, two copies of bla KPC-2, and multiple plasmid-borne virulence genes. The isolate shows resistance to all antibiotics except polymyxin.

The study identifies CTX-M-55, CTX-M-65, CTX-M-27, and CTX-M-14 ESβL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae in companion animals in Ecuador, highlighting their global One Health significance and the need for surveillance programs.

The study identified multiple AMR genes in ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates, including blaCTX-M-15, blaKPC-3, and others conferring resistance to β-lactams, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and chloramphenicol.

The study identifies a wide range of antibiotic resistance genes in the Enterobacter hormaechei complex, highlighting its multidrug-resistant nature and the role of mobile genetic elements in the dissemination of resistance.

The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes in clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, including bla TEM, bla SHV, bla CTX-M, and bla OXA families, as well as aminoglycoside, fluoroquinolone, and sulfonamide resistance genes. Effluent isolates showed fewer resistance genes and lower resistance levels compared to clinical isolates.

The study introduces the EZMTT method for enhanced detection of drug-resistant subpopulations in Gram-negative bacteria, showing superior sensitivity compared to conventional methods like BMD and VITEK. It identifies specific resistance genes such as bla in clinical isolates.

The study identified blaNDM-13-producing E. coli strains in a chicken farm in Jiangsu Province, China, which exhibit multidrug resistance, including resistance to carbapenems, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, and florfenicol. The study also characterizes the plasmids carrying blaNDM-13 and confirms their ability to transfer between bacteria.

The study identified several AMR genes in K. pneumoniae isolates from cancer patients, including genes conferring resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, tobramycin, levofloxacin, and carbapenems. Key resistance genes included sul1, sul2, dfrA1, dfrA12, dfrA14, dfrA27, aadA16, aadA2, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3'')-Ib, aph(6)-Id, aph(4)-Ia, ACC(3)-IId, ACC(3)-IIV, AAC(6')-Ib-cr, QnrS1, QnrB17, QnrB20, QnrB4, CTX-M, SHV, TEM, DHA-1, LAP-2, bla_kpc-1, bla_ndm-5, and bla_oxa-10.

The study identifies multiple AMR genes, including blaCTX-M-15, blaTEM-1D, aac(6')-Ib-cr, aadA16, strB, qnrS1, sul2, sul1, catII.2, tet(A), dfrA14, arr-3, and mphA, in ESBL-KpSC isolates from East Africa, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug resistance.

The study identified multiple AMR genes in Chinese S. Montevideo isolates, including beta-lactamases (bla TEM−1B, bla OXA−1, bla LAP−2, bla CTX−M−55, bla CTX−M−65, bla DHA−1), quinolone resistance genes (qnrS2, qnrS1, qnrA1, qnrB6, qnrB4, qepA1), macrolide resistance genes (mphA, mphE, msrE, mphB), tetracycline resistance genes (tetA, tetD, tetB), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2, dfrA14, dfrA12, dfrA27, sul3), and chloramphenicol resistance genes (floR, catA2, catB3).