The study identifies the presence of known rRNA methylase genes (ermB, ermC, and ermF) in erythromycin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae and oral commensal Neisseria spp., which confer resistance to erythromycin.

The study identified tetracycline resistance genes (tet(M), tet(W), tet(Q)) and erythromycin resistance genes (ermB, ermF) in the vaginal microbiota of primates not typically exposed to antibiotics, indicating the presence of antibiotic resistance genes in these animals despite limited antibiotic exposure.

This paper characterizes several beta-lactamases, including TEM-1, SHV-1, CTX-M-15, and NDM-1, which confer resistance to various beta-lactam antibiotics. It also identifies erm(B) and mef(A) as mechanisms of macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B resistance. Additionally, aadA1 and aac(6')-Ib are noted for aminoglycoside resistance, while catA1 and floR contribute to chloramphenicol resistance. The vanA gene is associated with glycopeptide resistance, and mcr-1 is linked to polymyxin resistance.

The study identified several resistance genes, including cepA, cfiA, cfxA, tetQ, ermF, and mefA, in anaerobic bacteria isolated from intra-abdominal infections in Japan. A mutation in the gyrA gene was also found to confer resistance to fluoroquinolones.

The study demonstrates that a PAD-deficient strain of Porphyromonas gingivalis was associated with reduced periodontal inflammation and decreased experimental arthritis severity in a mouse model.

The study identified a diverse array of antibiotic resistance genes in a polluted lake in India, including sul2, qnrD, aph(6)-Id, aph(3′)-Ib, CMY2, qnrS, ant(3′)-Ia, dfrB1/dfrB5/dfrB6/dfrB8, GES, ere(A)/ere(C), qnrC, mph(E), dfrA1/dfrA15/dfrA25/dfrA30, erm(F), ant(2′)-Ia, cmlA, and tet(39). These genes conferred resistance to various classes of antibiotics, highlighting the significant presence of resistance mechanisms in the polluted environment.

The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in a metronidazole- and carbapenem-resistant Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron isolate, including nimD, cat, tetX, tetQ, ermF, and a novel beta-lactamase gene.

The study identifies ermF, ermFU, and ereD as the primary genes responsible for erythromycin resistance in Riemerella anatipestifer, demonstrating their role through cloning and MIC testing.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in swine fecal samples using qPCR, including tetracycline resistance genes (tet(A), tet(B), tet(C), tet(M), tet(O), tet(W)), erythromycin resistance genes (ermB, ermF), sulfonamide resistance genes (sulI, sulII), beta-lactam resistance genes (blaCTX-M-1 group, blaCMY-2, blaSHV family), and glycopeptide resistance gene (vanA).

The study identified several antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes, including ermB, ermF, sulI, sulII, tet(M), tet(O), and tet(W), and examined their association with antimicrobial exposure in Danish pig farms. The results showed complex relationships between antimicrobial exposure and AMR gene levels, with varying correlations depending on the specific gene and antimicrobial class.

The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes in feedlots and urban wastewater, highlighting the prevalence of sulfonamide, tetracycline, macrolide, fluoroquinolone, and β-lactam resistance genes in different environments.

The study identified several genes associated with antibiotic resistance in a partial-nitritation biofilter exposed to a mixture of antibiotics. These included ermF, carA, and msrA for azithromycin resistance, gyrA and grlB mutations for norfloxacin resistance, and sul123 for sulfamethoxazole resistance.

The study identifies ermF as a macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance determinant in Bacteroides fragilis, encoding an rRNA methylase that confers resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramin B.

The study identifies various antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) associated with multidrug resistance, including macrolide, beta-lactam, tetracycline, and methicillin resistance genes, highlighting the presence of these genes in postmortem microbiome samples.

The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in multidrug-resistant Bacteroides fragilis isolates, including cfiA, nim, erm, tet, and others, using hybrid genome assembly and ABRicate screening.

The paper describes the antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in Clostridium and Brachyspira spp. and other anaerobes, focusing on the genetic basis of resistance to various antibiotics, including tetracyclines, macrolides, lincosamides, chloramphenicol, and others. It highlights the role of specific genes such as tet, erm, and cat in conferring resistance.

The study identifies numerous antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in migratory birds, highlighting the presence of mcr-1, beta-lactamases, tetracycline resistance genes, and other resistance mechanisms. These findings suggest that migratory birds could serve as reservoirs and potential vectors for spreading ARGs into the environment.

The study identifies the cfiA gene as the primary mechanism of carbapenem resistance in Bacteroides fragilis, along with other resistance genes such as cfxA, cepA, ermF, and nim. These genes contribute to resistance against various antibiotics including carbapenems, cefoxitin, clindamycin, and metronidazole.

The study identifies ermF, intI1, and mphA as genes that show positive selection under specific antibiotic concentrations, highlighting their role in antibiotic resistance development at low concentrations.

The study identifies a novel multidrug-resistant Bacteroides genomospecies carrying the nimE gene associated with metronidazole resistance, along with other resistance genes such as tetQ, cfiA13, and erm(F).

This study identified various antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in sewer biofilms, including sul1, blaTEM, tet(G), tet(O), tet(W), and ermF, which were detected in field and simulated sewer biofilm samples. The research also explored the effects of disinfection protocols on biofilm persistence.

The study identifies two new metallo-beta-lactamase genes, cfiA14b and cfiA28, in Bacteroides fragilis strains resistant to meropenem-EDTA. Additionally, various other AMR genes such as aadS, aac(3'), ermF, lnu(AN2), vatA, mef(En2), tetX, tetQ, cat, bexA, bexB, qacE, cusR, mexAB-oprM, mexJK-oprM, mexXY-oprM, acrEF-tolC, and mdtEF-tolC were characterized.

The study identified high resistance rates in Bacteroides fragilis isolates, particularly to penicillin G, tetracycline, clindamycin, and cefoxitin. Key resistance genes included tetQ, ermF, cepA, cfxA, and cfiA.

The study identifies several antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in plasmidomes from global sewage samples, highlighting the prevalence of macrolide, lincosamide, streptogramin B, and quinolone resistance genes on plasmids.

Solar photo-Fenton treatment effectively removed a wide range of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) including those conferring resistance to sulfonamides, macrolides, tetracyclines, and beta-lactams. The study identified several ARGs such as sul1, sul2, tet(X), erm(F), mph(A), mph(E), msr(E), aadA, aph(3"), aph(6), strA, and blaBKC.

Danofloxacin treatment altered the gut microbiota diversity and resistome profile in calves, increasing the frequency and host range of several antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) such as aac(6')-Ib, ant9, tet40, tetW, ermF, tetL, and tetX.

The study identifies tetW and mefA as highly expressed tetracycline and macrolide resistance genes in the rumen of beef cattle, highlighting their significance in the resistome of food-producing animals.

The study examined the impact of antibiotic therapies on the dynamics and composition of resistance genes in the animal gut microbiota, identifying several AMR genes such as blaTEM, tetA, strA, strB, intI1, tetM, mel, floR, mcr-2, oqx B, tetC, tetG, tetO, tetW, tetX, ermB, ermF, sul1, sul2, and others, which were experimentally validated in Escherichia coli.

The study identified and quantified several antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in dairy manure samples, highlighting the prevalence of sulII, tetW, ermF, tnpA, and intI1 across different manure management conditions.

The study identified ermF, tetQ, and cfxA as key AMR genes in Prevotella species, showing strong correlations with resistance to azithromycin, clindamycin, doxycycline, and ceftazidime. All isolates were resistant to tobramycin.

The study identified ermG as a gene that increased in abundance in the feces of treated pigs compared to those that did not receive post-PRRS antimicrobials, indicating its role in macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B resistance.

The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes and mutations in a multidrug-resistant Chryseobacterium indologenes strain, including beta-lactamases, quinolone resistance genes, tetracycline resistance genes, and efflux pumps, contributing to resistance against various antibiotics.

The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in humans and food-producing animals in Brazil, including novel carbapenemase-encoding genes such as blaAIM-1, blaCAM-1, blaGIM-2, and blaHMB-1, which were not previously reported in Latin America. Other significant ARGs included aac(6')-Ib-cr, ermF, ermB, ermG, tetO, tetQ, tetW, qnrB10, qnrB19, qnrD1, and crpP.

The paper discusses the development and evaluation of new antimicrobial agents against Neisseria gonorrhoeae, highlighting the importance of monitoring resistance mechanisms such as mutations in GyrA and ParC that confer resistance to fluoroquinolones.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in a sludge bulking wastewater treatment plant, including sul1, aadA5, ErmF, tet(A), and msrE, which confer resistance to sulfonamide, aminoglycoside, macrolide, tetracycline, and other antibiotics.

The study found that prolonged amoxicillin treatment leads to an increase in the abundance and diversity of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in the gut microbiome, particularly beta-lactamase genes such as cfxA and its variants, as well as tetracycline and macrolide resistance genes.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in Riemerella anatipestifer, including OXA-209, erm(F), floR, aadS, tet(X), tet(X4), RanA, RanB, and ErmF, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and tetracyclines.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in Riemerella anatipestifer, including OXA-209, erm(F), floR, aadS, tet(X), tet(X4), RanA, RanB, and ErmF, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and tetracyclines.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in Riemerella anatipestifer, including OXA-209, erm(F), floR, aadS, tet(X), tet(X4), RanA, RanB, and ErmF, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and tetracyclines.

The study identified various antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in pig manure samples from different regions of Shanxi, China, highlighting the prevalence of tetracycline, aminoglycoside, macrolide, and phenicol resistance genes. Key ARGs included tet(W), tet(40), tet(Q), erm(B), erm(F), mef(A), aph(3')-III, ant(6)-Ia, cfr(C), floR, blaACI-1, optrA, cat, cfxA4, cfxA5, blaCTX-M-105, blaCTX-M-65, fexB, erm(T), mdf(A), and ole(B).

The study identified several resistance genes in Bacteroides coprophilus and Bacteroides dorei, including adeF, ermF, tetQ, ermG, and a carbapenem resistance gene, highlighting the impact of antimicrobial exposure on the gut microbiome's resistance profiles.

The study identified a variety of antimicrobial resistance genes in the nasopharynx of COVID-19 patients, including beta-lactamases, macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin resistance genes, tetracycline resistance genes, and others. These genes were found to be prevalent in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients, highlighting the importance of monitoring antimicrobial resistance in the context of the pandemic.

The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in the oral microbiota, including mefA, msrD, ermB, ermF, cfxA, blaCSP(1), tetM, tetQ, and pgpB, which confer resistance to antibiotics such as erythromycin, azithromycin, penicillin, ampicillin, tetracycline, and colistin. These genes were found in multiple bacterial species and were associated with different resistotypes in healthy, caries, and periodontitis groups.

The study identified multiple drug resistance genes in R. anatipestifer strains, including high prevalence of tetracycline resistance gene tet X (95.9%), macrolide resistance gene ermF (77%), and others. The strains exhibited multidrug resistance, with the highest resistance to gentamicin (77%) and enrofloxacin (73%).

The study identifies several AMR genes in anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria, including nimE for metronidazole resistance, ermF for clindamycin resistance, cfiA for imipenem resistance, cepA for piperacillin-tazobactam resistance, and cfxA for cefoxitin resistance.

Cefquinome treatment led to a significant increase in several antimicrobial resistance genes, including tetQ, mel, ErmF, CfxA6, lsaB, and tet(40), whereas ceftiofur primarily increased tetQ and tet(40). The resistome returned to baseline levels within 21 days post-treatment.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) such as aacA43, mel_1, vanRB, tetM, tnpA-2, sul1, sul2, ermF, and vatB that were transferred through the soil-lettuce-snail food chain. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics including aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, MLSB, and vancomycin.

The study identifies the presence of macrolide resistance genes in the gut microbiota of preterm infants, with erm(C) and msr(A) being the most common. These genes were found in various bacterial genera, including Staphylococcus and Enterococcus.

The study identifies a novel plasmid carrying the erythromycin resistance gene ermF, which confers resistance to erythromycin in Bacillus wiedmannii FSL W8-0169 and Escherichia coli DH5alpha.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in the fecal microbiome of children with ARFID, including vanT, tetQ, adeF, and ermF, with ermF showing significantly higher abundance in the ARFID group compared to healthy controls.

The study identified 138 antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in the rumen of yak calves, with tetracycline resistance being the most prevalent. The study also found that feeding milk replacer (MR) altered the rumen resistome and microbiota, increasing the abundance of Prevotella and affecting the functional enzyme profiles.

The study investigated the effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on the fate of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) during anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge. It found that ultrasonic pretreatment significantly reduced the relative abundance of ARGs and MGEs, with 60 minutes of pretreatment achieving the highest removal rate of 41.70% for total ARGs.

The study identified several AMR genes in R. anatipestifer isolates, including aminoglycoside resistance genes (aph(3′)-VII, aac(3′)-IV, aadA, strA/strB), tetracycline resistance genes (tet(A), tet(B), tet(X)), erythromycin resistance gene (ermF), chloramphenicol resistance gene (cmlA), beta-lactam resistance gene (bla TEM), and sulfonamide resistance gene (sulI).

The study found that Neolamarckia cadamba leaves extract (NCLE) reduced the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in cecal contents of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced broilers by maintaining microbial balance.

The study identified numerous antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the rumen of goat kids, highlighting the dynamic nature of the resistome influenced by age and diet. Key ARGs included RPOB, GYRA, GYRBA, ROB, MDTF, ACRF, ACRB, MGTA, MLS23S, TUFAB, TET44, TET32, APH2-DPRIME, SAT, BRO, TETQ, ERMF, NIMJ, ACI, MEFA, RRSC, RRSH, CAP16S, TETX, LNUC, TETW, TETO, and TET40, which were associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as drugs, MLS, tetracyclines, and others.

The study identifies several antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in greywater and filter bed samples, including blaTEM, sul1, intI1, tetG, tetW, and others, indicating the presence of resistance to beta-lactams, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and other antibiotics. The research highlights the variability in ARG removal efficiency by constructed wetlands and the potential for ARG proliferation in treated greywater.

The study identified and compared the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in intestinal Bacteroides, Parabacteroides and Phocaeicola isolates from healthy and carbapenem-treated patients in European countries, highlighting differences in gene carriage between gut microbiota and clinical strains.

The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in the Iskar River downstream of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), including genes conferring resistance to macrolides, tetracyclines, beta-lactams, sulfonamides, and carbapenems. Notably, the carbapenemase genes bla OXA-58 and bla IMP-33-like were detected, which are typically associated with clinical settings.

The study identified tetracycline resistance genes tet(W), erm(F), and tet(Q) in the gut microbiomes of three Indian ethnic groups, with higher burdens observed in the Khargone and Ladakh groups compared to the Jaisalmer group.

The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in environmental samples collected from New World vultures, including blaTEM, sul1, ermA, ermF, tetA, and tetB, which confer resistance to beta-lactams, sulfonamides, macrolides, and tetracyclines. These genes were detected in Escherichia coli, enterococci, and Salmonella spp. across different sampling sites and seasons.

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from Riemerella anatipestifer strain CH-1 were shown to transfer antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and plasmids to the sensitive strain RA ATCC11845 through natural transformation, leading to increased resistance to erythromycin, tetracycline, and aztreonam.

H. pylori eradication led to the enrichment of various AMR genes, including beta-lactamases, macrolide phosphotransferases, erythromycin ribosome methyltransferases, sulfonamide resistance proteins, tetracycline efflux pumps, dihydrofolate reductase, quaternary ammonium compound efflux pumps, and aminoglycoside phosphotransferases. Additionally, genomic mutations in parC, parE, and gyrA were associated with fluoroquinolone resistance in E. coli.

This review highlights the pathogenesis, virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance genes of Riemerella anatipestifer, emphasizing its significance in poultry farming and the need for further research on its resistance mechanisms.

The study identifies several antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) such as sul1, sul2, ermF, and intI-1 that are enriched in biofilms on environmental surfaces, highlighting the role of potential pathogens in ARG dissemination.

The study identified several antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in microbial communities from the Oder river water and sediment, including blaTEM-116, erm(F), otr(C), ole(C), oqxB, dfrB3, tcr3, otr(A), vat(F), mph(E), srmB, and qepA4. These genes were associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, macrolides, tetracyclines, and fluoroquinolones.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in soil floors and cow dung samples from rural Bangladesh, including sul1, tet(Q), ermF, mexF, and cfxA2, which confer resistance to sulfonamides, tetracycline, macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramins, and cephalosporins.

The study identifies distinct multidrug resistance profiles in two dominant strains of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale from Austria and Hungary, highlighting the presence of resistance genes such as ermF, orr, tetX, and tetQ.

The study identifies tetracycline resistance genes (tet(Q), tet(A)), macrolide resistance genes (mef(A), erm(B), erm(F)), and lincosamide resistance gene (lnu(C)) in the natural microbiota of dogs and cats, highlighting their potential as vectors for antimicrobial resistance.

The study reveals that both intestinal and extra-intestinal B. fragilis strains possess comparable resistance gene profiles and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, suggesting that intestinal strains serve as a reservoir of clinically relevant resistance determinants.

The study identified several tetracycline, aminoglycoside, and MLS resistance genes in the fecal microbiome of gilts, with no significant increases in ARG abundance following exposure to semen extenders containing antibiotics.

The study found that PID cases were associated with higher abundance of G. vaginalis and other CST IV organisms, while controls had higher levels of L. crispatus. No specific AMR genes were characterized in this paper.

The study identified 29 ARG subtypes across eight types in 13 known, five unknown, and 18 unclassified species, highlighting the complex and dynamic nature of antimicrobial resistance in the gut microbiome. Notably, the cfr(C) gene was detected in 11 bacterial species following antimicrobial treatment, with mutation patterns characterized in several species.