Browse AMR Genes

Explore antimicrobial resistance genes from the literature

floR2

chloramphenicol/florfenicol efflux MFS transporter FloR2

NCBI Pathogen Isolates

Bacterial genomes carrying this gene

NCBI Reference Gene Catalog

Known alleles and reference sequences

Protein entries specific to floR2

Browse AMR rules for floR2

Validation StatusConfirmed2+ DBs

Overview

Mechanism: Increased efflux
Validation Method: Whole genome sequencing
Drug Classes: CHLORAMPHENICOL, FLORFENICOL, Chloramphenicol, Florfenicol, Tetracycline, Fluoroquinolone
Organisms: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Emek, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas paraeruginosa
Geographic Location: Argentina|Canada|Germany|United States, Egypt, Europe, Ghana, Kuwait +1 more
Alleles: 3
Papers: 8
Databases: Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder DatabaseReslit

Allele Variants3

Allele	Database	Papers	Drug Classes	Organisms	Countries	Years	Sequence Accession	Protein Accession
FloR2	Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder DatabaseReslit	8	CHLORAMPHENICOL, FLORFENICOL +4	Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Emek +2

Papers8

1

The complete sequence of Salmonella genomic island SGI2.

PMID 25315365 · 2015

Gene Information

Gene Name: floR2
Allele: FloR2
Encodes: chloramphenicol/florfenicol efflux MFS transporter FloR2
Source Database: Reference Gene Catalog
Mechanism: Increased efflux
Confers Resistance To: CHLORAMPHENICOLFLORFENICOL
Organisms Tested In: • Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Emek
Sequence Accession: AY963803.6
Protein Accession: ABZ01840.1
Notes: ARO:3005043

2

The complete sequence of Salmonella genomic island SGI2.

PMID 25315365 · 2015

Gene Information

Gene Name: floR2
Allele: FloR2
Encodes: chloramphenicol/florfenicol efflux MFS transporter FloR2
Source Database: Card Database
Mechanism: Increased efflux
Confers Resistance To: CHLORAMPHENICOLFLORFENICOL
Organisms Tested In: • Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Emek
Sequence Accession: AY963803.6
Protein Accession: ABZ01840.1
Notes: ARO:3005043

3

The complete sequence of Salmonella genomic island SGI2.

PMID 25315365 · 2015

Gene Information

Gene Name: floR2
Allele: FloR2
Encodes: chloramphenicol/florfenicol efflux MFS transporter FloR2
Source Database: ResFinder Database
Mechanism: Increased efflux
Confers Resistance To: CHLORAMPHENICOLFLORFENICOL
Organisms Tested In: • Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Emek
Sequence Accession: AY963803.6
Protein Accession: ABZ01840.1
Notes: ARO:3005043

4

Non-typhoidal Salmonella blood stream infection in Kuwait: Clinical and microbiological characteristics.

PMID 30986214 · 2019

The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates from Kuwait, including aac(6')-Iaa_1, aph(3'')-Ib_5, aph(3')-Ia_1, aph(6)-Id_1, blaCARB-2_1, blaTEM-1B_1, dfrA5_1, floR_2, sul2_2, tet(A)_6, tet(G)_2, and mutations in the gyrA gene. These genes and mutations were associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, and fluoroquinolones.

Gene Information

Gene Name: floR2
Allele: floR_2
Encodes: Fluoroquinolone resistance
Source Database: Reslit
Mechanism: Efflux pump
Confers Resistance To: Chloramphenicol
Organisms Tested In: • Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis
• Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium
Geographic Location: Kuwait
Validation Method: Whole genome sequencing
Sequence Accession: PRJNA363099

5

Genome Analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains from Chronically Infected Patients with High Levels of Persister Formation.

PMID 36986348 · 2023

The study identified multiple AMR genes and efflux pump systems in P. aeruginosa persister isolates, highlighting their multidrug-resistant phenotype and biofilm-forming capabilities.

Gene Information

Gene Name: floR2
Allele: FloR2
Encodes: florfenicol resistance protein
Source Database: Reslit
Mechanism: efflux of florfenicol and chloramphenicol
Confers Resistance To: FlorfenicolChloramphenicol
Organisms Tested In: • Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Geographic Location: Egypt
Validation Method: resistome profiling
Sequence Accession: PRJNA890046|SRR21888463|SRR21888462|SRR21888461

6

Genomic epidemiology and molecular characteristics of bla(NDM-1)-positive carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa belonging to international high-risk clone ST773 in the Gauteng region, South Africa.

PMID 38265603 · 2024

The study identifies bla NDM-1-positive carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates belonging to the international high-risk clone ST773 in the Gauteng region, South Africa. These isolates harbor various antibiotic resistance genes, including bla NDM-1, aad A11, qnr VC1, flo R2/cml A9, rmt B4, tet G, bla OXA-906, and bla PDC-19b, contributing to their extensive drug resistance.

Gene Information

Gene Name: floR2
Allele: flo R2/ cml A9
Encodes: major facilitator superfamily (MFS)-type efflux pump
Source Database: Reslit
Confers Resistance To: ChloramphenicolTetracycline
Organisms Tested In: • Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Geographic Location: South Africa
Validation Method: whole genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis
Sequence Accession: NCBI:GCA_017292115.1|NCBI:CP075176.1|NCBI:GCA_009791355.1|NCBI:GCA_003725635.1|NCBI:CP054917.1|NCBI:CP041945.1|NCBI:GCA_003954525.1|NCBI:GCA_003954355.1|NCBI:GCA_002411915.1|NCBI:CP041774.1|NCBI:GCA_000796095.1|NCBI:GCA_000790805.1|NCBI:GCA_000791735.1|NCBI:LR134330.1|NCBI:GCA_003585175.1|NCBI:GCA_003836135.1|NCBI:GCA_017693745.1|NCBI:GCA_017693755.1|NCBI:GCA_017693465.1

7

Antimicrobial Resistance in Wastewater Samples from Kumasi, Ghana: A Genomic and Metagenomic Analysis

PMID 39516432 · 2023

The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae isolates from wastewater samples in Kumasi, Ghana, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains carrying genes such as blaCTX-M-15, blaOXA-488, and qnrVC1, along with mutations in gyrA and parC contributing to fluoroquinolone resistance.

Gene Information

Gene Name: floR2
Allele: FloR2
Encodes: fluoroquinolone resistance protein
Source Database: Reslit
Mechanism: efflux pump
Confers Resistance To: Tetracycline
Organisms Tested In: • Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Geographic Location: Ghana
Validation Method: experimental validation via MIC testing

8

Comparative genomics of Pseudomonas paraeruginosa.

PMID 40709931 · 2025

The study identifies various AMR genes and mutations in Pseudomonas paraeruginosa, including carbapenemases like blaVIM-2, blaVIM-6, blaVIM-28, and blaKPC-2, as well as efflux pump genes (mexAB-oprM, mexCD-oprJ, etc.), and mutations in oprD, mexS, mexR, mexZ, lasR, mvfR, and vqsM that contribute to antibiotic resistance.

Gene Information

Gene Name: floR2
Allele: FloR2
Encodes: chloramphenicol efflux pump
Source Database: Reslit
Confers Resistance To: Chloramphenicol
Organisms Tested In: • Pseudomonas paraeruginosa
Geographic Location: Argentina|Canada|Germany|United States
Validation Method: mutational analysis and MIC testing
Sequence Accession: CP000744|JAOYTE010000034|JAPHNP010000117|NZ_JAPHNN010000169|LLLP01000037|LLNU01000093|RXTD01000086|RXTL01000080|DAFOAA010000053|DAFSFU010000036|DAFQBL010000010|JAWLON010000026|DAHOAI010000026|NZ_CP027170|NZ_CP029094|CP109657|JAOYTE00000000|JAPHNN00000000|JAPHNO00000000|JAPHNP00000000|JAOWAL00000000

9

The genomic configurations driving antimicrobial resistance and virulence in colistin resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa from an Egyptian Tertiary Oncology Hospital.

PMID 40763289 · 2025

The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in colistin-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates, including blaNDM-1, blaOXA-1028, blaOXA-904, and mutations in phoQ and basR genes associated with colistin resistance.

Gene Information

Gene Name: floR2
Allele: FloR2
Encodes: chloramphenicol efflux transporter
Source Database: Reslit
Confers Resistance To: Chloramphenicol
Organisms Tested In: • Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Geographic Location: Egypt
Validation Method: whole genome sequencing
Sequence Accession: PRJNA1131125

10

Genetic and virulence factors behind the success of high-risk Pseudomonas aeruginosa clones: insights from comparative genomics and an experimental infection model.

PMID 41244690 · 2025

The study identified 15 AMR genes significantly more frequent in high-risk P. aeruginosa clones, including aminoglycoside, beta-lactam, phenicol, fluoroquinolone, trimethoprim, sulfonamide, and tetracycline resistance genes. These genes are often associated with mobile genetic elements, indicating a mobility-linked resistome in high-risk clones.

Gene Information

Gene Name: floR2
Allele: FloR2
Encodes: fluoroquinolone resistance protein
Source Database: Reslit
Confers Resistance To: Fluoroquinolone
Organisms Tested In: • Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Geographic Location: Europe
Validation Method: genomic analysis and resistome profiling
Sequence Accession: PRJNA1275064