The study identifies several antimicrobial resistance genes in a multi-drug resistant community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) strain isolated from fish, including mepR, mgrA, arlR, lmrS, fosB, norA, glpT, and murA, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as glycylcycline, tetracycline, fluoroquinolone, cephalosporin, penam, macrolide, aminoglycoside, oxazolidinone, diaminopyrimidine, phenicol, fosfomycin, and acridine dye.

The study identified antibiotic resistance in staphylococcal isolates from bulk-tank milk of sheep flocks in Greece, with particular emphasis on resistance to penicillin, ampicillin, clindamycin, fosfomycin, tetracycline, oxacillin, and erythromycin. It also noted an association between fosfomycin resistance and biofilm formation.

The study identifies several genes and mechanisms contributing to fosfomycin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, including peptidoglycan recycling enzymes (mupP, amgK, murU), the glpT transporter, and the chromosomal fosA gene.

The study identified 18 antimicrobial resistance genes in Staphylococcus aureus strain DC.RB_015, including mecA, blaZ, mepA, tet(K), tet(38), arlR, arlS, norA, mgrA, LmrS, APH(3′)-IIIa, aad(6), ErmB, SAT-4, mecR1, GlpT, murA, and bacA, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as methicillin, beta-lactam, tetracycline, fluoroquinolone, macrolide, aminoglycoside, nucleoside, fosfomycin, and bacitracin.

The study characterizes antibiotic resistance genes in Enterobacteriaceae isolates from bovine animals and the environment in Nigeria, identifying several beta-lactamase, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, qnr, sulfonamide, tetracycline, and trimethoprim resistance genes, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains.

High-level fosfomycin resistance in S. aureus ST5 lineage is mainly due to mutations in glpT and uhpT, whereas ST239 resistance is mainly due to mutations in hptA.

The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella isolates from waterfowl in Sichuan, China, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, tetracycline efflux pumps, and quinolone resistance genes. Mutations in gyrA and gyrB were associated with nalidixic acid resistance.

The paper discusses the molecular mechanisms of resistance to non-beta-lactam antibiotics in Staphylococcus aureus, highlighting the roles of various genes and mutations in conferring resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, aminoglycosides, glycopeptides, oxazolidinones, lipopeptides, fluoroquinolones, and other antibiotics.

The study identifies clinically relevant resistance mutations in E. coli under subMIC antibiotic concentrations, showing that mutations in glpT, uhpT, uhpC, uhpA, nfsA, nfsB, gyrA, gyrB, and envZ confer resistance to fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline.

The study identifies fosA, fosA3, fosB, murA, and glpT as genes conferring fosfomycin resistance in bacteria isolated from companion animals. These genes were experimentally validated in various bacterial species, highlighting the spread of fosfomycin resistance among multidrug-resistant bacteria in pets.

This review discusses the molecular basis of challenges to effective treatment of UPEC-associated urinary tract infections, focusing on virulence factors and antibiotic resistance mechanisms.

The study identified murA, glpT, and fosA genes as contributors to fosfomycin resistance in uropathogens causing asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy.

The study identified the genes murA, glpT, cyaA, fosA3, and fosA4 as associated with fosfomycin resistance in uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). These genes were detected in both chromosomal and plasmid contexts, highlighting their role in resistance mechanisms.

The study identified 17 antimicrobial resistance genes in Cronobacter condimenti s37, including genes involved in resistance to multiple antibiotic classes such as beta-lactams, tetracyclines, macrolides, phenicols, quinolones, aminoglycosides, glycopeptides, peptide antibiotics, rifamycins, nitroimidazoles, phosphonic acid derivatives, diaminopyrimidine derivatives, and elphamycins.

The study identifies several AMR genes and mutations in wastewater isolates from Pakistan, highlighting the presence of carbapenemases like blaNDM-5 and blaOXA-1, as well as quinolone resistance determinants such as gyrA and parC mutations. These findings emphasize the role of wastewater as a reservoir for clinically relevant AMR genes.

The study identifies mutations in the gyrA gene and the presence of the qnrS1 gene as key contributors to quinolone resistance in uropathogenic E. coli strains. Additionally, mutations in glpT, cyaA, and uhpT genes are associated with fosfomycin resistance.

The study found that daptomycin and fosfomycin combination displayed synergistic antibacterial activity against MRSA and prevented the emergence of drug-resistant mutants. Specific mutations in mprF, cls2, uhpT, and murA genes were identified in single-drug resistant mutants, but no mutations were detected in the combination group.

The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in E. coli isolates from sternal bursitis in chickens, including beta-lactamases (blaTEM-1B, blaTEM-1A, blaTEM-1C, blaCTX-M-1, blaOXA-10), chloramphenicol resistance genes (catA1, cmlA1, floR), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aph(6)-Id, aph(3")-Ib, aadA1, aadA2b, aadA5, aadA9, aadA13, sat2), quinolone resistance gene (qnrS1), tetracycline resistance gene (tetA), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2, sul3), and efflux pump genes (acrF, mdtM, ermE, qacE, qacL, terD, terW, terZ). Mutations in gyrA (p.S83L) and parC (p.E84G, p.S80I) were associated with quinolone resistance, and a mutation in glpT (E448K) was linked to fosfomycin resistance.

The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes and mutations in E. coli isolates from alpaca crias, including blaEC-15 for beta-lactam resistance, glpT_E448K for fosfomycin resistance, and pmrB for colistin resistance.

The paper discusses the multidrug resistance mechanisms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, efflux pumps, and mutations in porin genes. It highlights the role of these mechanisms in antibiotic resistance and the challenges they pose in treating infections.