Browse AMR Genes

Explore antimicrobial resistance genes from the literature

lnu(P)

lincomycin nucleotidyltransferase

NCBI Pathogen Isolates

Bacterial genomes carrying this gene

NCBI Reference Gene Catalog

Known alleles and reference sequences

Protein entries specific to lnu(P)

Browse AMR rules for lnu(P)

Validation StatusConfirmed2+ DBs

Overview

Mechanism: Enzymatic inactivation
Validation Method: cloning in E. coli + MIC testing
Drug Classes: Lincomycin, LINCOMYCIN, LINCOSAMIDE, Lincosamide, Clindamycin, Macrolide, Streptogramin b
Organisms: Clostridium perfringens, C. perfringens, Porcine
Geographic Location: China, Europe, Global, Minnesota, Qinghai province|Tibetan sheep
Alleles: 3
Papers: 8
Databases: Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder DatabaseReslit

Allele Variants3

Allele	Database	Papers	Drug Classes	Organisms	Countries	Years	Sequence Accession	Protein Accession
LnuP	Card DatabaseReslit	4	Lincomycin, Clindamycin	Clostridium perfringens	China	2009, 2017, 2023	DQ338473\|FJ589781	ACS83559.1

Papers8

1

tISCpe8, an IS1595-family lincomycin resistance element located on a conjugative plasmid in Clostridium perfringens.

PMID 19684139 · 2009

The study identifies lnuP as a gene encoding a lincomycin nucleotidyltransferase responsible for lincomycin resistance in Clostridium perfringens, located on the conjugative plasmid pJIR2774.

Gene Information

Gene Name: lnu(P)
Allele: LnuP
Encodes: lincomycin nucleotidyltransferase
Source Database: Reslit
Confers Resistance To: Lincomycin
Organisms Tested In: • Clostridium perfringens
Validation Method: cloning in E. coli + MIC testing
Sequence Accession: DQ338473|FJ589781

2

tISCpe8, an IS1595-family lincomycin resistance element located on a conjugative plasmid in Clostridium perfringens.

PMID 19684139 · 2009

Gene Information

Gene Name: lnu(P)
Allele: lnu(P)
Source Database: ResFinder Database
Mechanism: Enzymatic inactivation
Confers Resistance To: LINCOMYCIN
Organisms Tested In: • Clostridium perfringens
Sequence Accession: FJ589781
Notes: Lincosamide nucleotidyltransferase

3

tISCpe8, an IS1595-family lincomycin resistance element located on a conjugative plasmid in Clostridium perfringens.

PMID 19684139 · 2009

Gene Information

Gene Name: lnu(P)
Allele: Lnu(P)
Encodes: lincosamide nucleotidyltransferase Lnu(P)
Source Database: Card Database
Mechanism: antibiotic inactivation
Confers Resistance To: LINCOSAMIDE
Organisms Tested In: • Clostridium perfringens
Sequence Accession: FJ589781.1
Protein Accession: ACS83559.1
Notes: ARO:3004601

4

tISCpe8, an IS1595-family lincomycin resistance element located on a conjugative plasmid in Clostridium perfringens.

PMID 19684139 · 2009

Gene Information

Gene Name: lnu(P)
Allele: Lnu(P)
Encodes: lincosamide nucleotidyltransferase Lnu(P)
Source Database: Reference Gene Catalog
Mechanism: antibiotic inactivation
Confers Resistance To: LINCOSAMIDE
Organisms Tested In: • Clostridium perfringens
Sequence Accession: FJ589781.1
Protein Accession: ACS83559.1
Notes: ARO:3004601

5

The Obscure World of Integrative and Mobilizable Elements, Highly Widespread Elements that Pirate Bacterial Conjugative Systems.

PMID 29165361 · 2017

The paper discusses the role of integrative and mobilizable elements (IMEs) in bacterial evolution, focusing on their ability to hijack conjugative systems for their transfer and their potential to carry antibiotic resistance genes.

Gene Information

Gene Name: lnu(P)
Allele: LnuP
Encodes: lincomycin resistance protein
Source Database: Reslit
Confers Resistance To: Lincomycin
Organisms Tested In: • Clostridium perfringens
Validation Method: experimental validation in host strain

6

Antimicrobial Resistance in Clostridium and Brachyspira spp. and Other Anaerobes.

PMID 31971162 · 2020

The paper describes the antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in Clostridium and Brachyspira spp. and other anaerobes, focusing on the genetic basis of resistance to various antibiotics, including tetracyclines, macrolides, lincosamides, chloramphenicol, and others. It highlights the role of specific genes such as tet, erm, and cat in conferring resistance.

Gene Information

Gene Name: lnu(P)
Allele: Lnu(P)
Encodes: Nucleotidyl transferases
Source Database: Reslit
Mechanism: Enzymatic inactivation
Confers Resistance To: Lincosamide
Organisms Tested In: • C. perfringens
Geographic Location: Global
Validation Method: Enzyme activity against an antibiotic substrate

7

The impacts of viral infection and subsequent antimicrobials on the microbiome-resistome of growing pigs.

PMID 35922873 · 2022

The study identified ermG as a gene that increased in abundance in the feces of treated pigs compared to those that did not receive post-PRRS antimicrobials, indicating its role in macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B resistance.

Gene Information

Gene Name: lnu(P)
Allele: Lnu(P)
Encodes: lincomycin resistance
Source Database: Reslit
Confers Resistance To: Lincomycin
Organisms Tested In: • Porcine
Geographic Location: Minnesota
Validation Method: differential abundance analysis

8

Genome characteristics of the optrA-positive Clostridium perfringens strain QHY-2 carrying a novel plasmid type.

PMID 37458450 · 2023

The study identifies the optrA gene, which confers resistance to oxazolidinones and phenicols, along with other resistance genes such as fexA, erm(A), erm(B), erm(Q), aac(6')-aph(2''), and lnu(P) in the optrA-positive Clostridium perfringens strain QHY-2. These genes are located on a novel plasmid type, highlighting the potential for horizontal transmission of antibiotic resistance among C. perfringens strains.

Gene Information

Gene Name: lnu(P)
Allele: Lnu(P)
Encodes: lincomycin nucleotidyltransferase
Source Database: Reslit
Mechanism: confers resistance to lincomycin
Confers Resistance To: Lincomycin
Organisms Tested In: • Clostridium perfringens
Geographic Location: Qinghai province|Tibetan sheep
Validation Method: whole-genome sequencing and analysis
Sequence Accession: SAMN33306092|CP118266.1

9

Molecular characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of Clostridium perfringens from different regions in China, from 2013 to 2021.

PMID 37485514 · 2023

The study identified various AMR genes in Clostridium perfringens isolates from China, including mprF, tetA(P), tetB(P), ErmQ, LnuP, AAC(6′)-Ie-APH(2″)-Ia, ANT(6)-Ib, tet44, and ErmB, which confer resistance to antibiotics such as penicillin, tetracycline, clindamycin, and aminoglycosides.

Gene Information

Gene Name: lnu(P)
Allele: LnuP
Encodes: lincosamide resistance
Source Database: Reslit
Confers Resistance To: Clindamycin
Organisms Tested In: • Clostridium perfringens
Geographic Location: China
Validation Method: ABRicate pipeline on CARD
Sequence Accession: SUB12955969|SUB12688567

10

Genome MLST scheme for tracing genetic diversity and multidrug resistance of food animal-derived Clostridium perfringens.

PMID 40735630 · 2025

The study identified tetracycline resistance genes tetA(P) and tetB(P) as the most prevalent in C. perfringens isolates, along with other resistance genes such as erm(Q) and lnu(P).

Gene Information

Gene Name: lnu(P)
Allele: Lnu(P)
Encodes: lincomycin resistance nucleotidyltransferase
Source Database: Reslit
Confers Resistance To: Lincosamide
Organisms Tested In: • Clostridium perfringens
Geographic Location: China
Validation Method: whole-genome sequencing and resistance profiling

11

Temporal dynamics of the resistome in gilts raised in an organic operation in which semen used for artificial insemination is the primary source of antimicrobial exposure.

PMID 41290836 · 2025

The study identified several tetracycline, aminoglycoside, and MLS resistance genes in the fecal microbiome of gilts, with no significant increases in ARG abundance following exposure to semen extenders containing antibiotics.

Gene Information

Gene Name: lnu(P)
Allele: Lnu(P)
Encodes: lincomycin nucleotidyltransferase
Source Database: Reslit
Confers Resistance To: MacrolideLincosamideStreptogramin b
Organisms Tested In: • Porcine
Geographic Location: Europe
Validation Method: metagenomic analysis

12

Gene Information

Gene Name: lnu(P)
Allele: LnuP
Encodes: lincosamide nucleotidyltransferase (LNU)
Source Database: Card Database
Mechanism: antibiotic inactivation
Organisms Tested In: • Clostridium perfringens
Sequence Accession: FJ589781.1
Protein Accession: ACS83559.1
Notes: ARO:3004601