Browse AMR Genes

Explore antimicrobial resistance genes from the literature

mmpL5

efflux pump

NCBI Pathogen Isolates

Bacterial genomes carrying this gene

NCBI Reference Gene Catalog

Known alleles and reference sequences

Protein entries specific to mmpL5

Browse AMR rules for mmpL5

Validation StatusSupported

Overview

Mechanism: non-synonymous mutation
Validation Method: real time expression analysis
Drug Classes: Rifampicin, Bedaquiline, Clofazimine, Ethionamide, Bedaquiline|Clofazimine
Organisms: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, Mycobacterium bovis BCG, Mycobacterium smegmatis, M. abscessus, M. intracellulare, Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium marinum
Geographic Location: India, Stockholm, Sweden|Antwerp, Belgium, Viet Nam|Thailand
Papers: 12
Databases: Reslit
Mutations: 9

Mutations

Protein Change	Nucleotide Change	Mechanism	Organism	Resistance To	Database	Validation Status
N444K	-	increases bedaquiline efflux	Mycobacterium marinum, Mycobacterium tuberculosis	Bedaquiline	Reslit	Candidate
V193D	-	increases bedaquiline efflux	Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium marinum	Bedaquiline	Reslit	Candidate
Q196M	-	increases bedaquiline efflux	Mycobacterium marinum, Mycobacterium tuberculosis	Bedaquiline

Papers12

1

Potential impact of efflux pump genes in mediating rifampicin resistance in clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from India.

PMID 31557231 · 2019

The study identified that the efflux pump genes mmpL5, Rv0194, and Rv1250 were upregulated in rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates, suggesting their potential role in mediating rifampicin resistance.

Gene Information

Gene Name: mmpL5
Allele: mmpL5
Encodes: efflux pump
Source Database: Reslit
Confers Resistance To: Rifampicin
Organisms Tested In: • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Geographic Location: India
Validation Method: real time expression analysis

2

Resistance against Membrane-Inserting MmpL3 Inhibitor through Upregulation of MmpL5 in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

PMID 32958714 · 2020

Mutations in the transcriptional repressor mmpR5 lead to upregulation of the efflux pump mmpL5, causing resistance to SIMBL and bedaquiline in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Gene Information

Gene Name: mmpL5
Allele: mmpL5
Encodes: efflux pump
Source Database: Reslit
Confers Resistance To: Bedaquiline
Organisms Tested In: • Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv
• Mycobacterium bovis BCG
Validation Method: whole-genome sequencing and MIC testing

3

Repurposing Based Identification of Novel Inhibitors against MmpS5-MmpL5 Efflux Pump of Mycobacterium smegmatis: A Combined In Silico and In Vitro Study.

PMID 35203542 · 2022

The study identifies BDD_27860195 and BDE_26593610 as novel inhibitors of the MmpS5-MmpL5 efflux pump in Mycobacterium smegmatis, demonstrating their efficacy in vitro.

Gene Information

Gene Name: mmpL5
Allele: mmpL5
Encodes: efflux transporter
Source Database: Reslit
Organisms Tested In: • Mycobacterium smegmatis
Validation Method: MD simulations and in vitro inhibitory studies

4

Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Resistance to Antibiotics and Disinfectants: Challenges Still Ahead.

PMID 35257011 · 2022

The paper discusses various AMR mechanisms in non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), focusing on resistance to antibiotics such as ethambutol, macrolides, rifampin, bedaquiline, and clofazimine. Key genes and mutations identified include embB, erm, rpoB, atpE, mmpT5, pepQ, mmpL5, rplC, 23S rRNA, 16S rRNA, gyrA, and gyrB.

Gene Information

Gene Name: mmpL5
Allele: mmpL5
Encodes: efflux pump component
Source Database: Reslit
Confers Resistance To: Clofazimine
Organisms Tested In: • M. abscessus
• M. intracellulare
Validation Method: mutation analysis

5

MarR-Dependent Transcriptional Regulation of mmpSL5 Induces Ethionamide Resistance in Mycobacterium abscessus.

PMID 36988462 · 2023

Gene Information

Gene Name: mmpL5
Allele: mmpL5
Encodes: transport protein
Source Database: Reslit
Confers Resistance To: Ethionamide
Organisms Tested In: • Mycobacterium abscessus
Validation Method: qRT-PCR and overexpression experiments

6

Identification of bacterial determinants of tuberculosis infection and treatment outcomes: a phenogenomic analysis of clinical strains.

PMID 38734030 · 2024

Mutations in Rv1339 and the L1.1.1.1 subclade were associated with treatment failure and cavitary disease. mmpL5 and fgd1 mutations were linked to reduced susceptibility to bedaquiline, clofazimine, and pretomanid.

Gene Information

Gene Name: mmpL5
Allele: mmpL5
Encodes: efflux pump
Source Database: Reslit
Mechanism: non-synonymous mutation
Organisms Tested In: • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Geographic Location: Viet Nam|Thailand
Validation Method: genome-wide association study
Sequence Accession: PRJNA950969|PRJNA355614

7

Interred mechanisms of resistance and host immune evasion revealed through network-connectivity analysis of M. tuberculosis complex graph pangenome.

PMID 40261029 · 2025

The study identified paralogous duplications of mmpL5 associated with bedaquiline resistance and embR associated with ethambutol resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates.

Gene Information

Gene Name: mmpL5
Allele: mmpL5
Encodes: membrane transporter
Source Database: Reslit
Confers Resistance To: Bedaquiline
Organisms Tested In: • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Geographic Location: Stockholm, Sweden|Antwerp, Belgium
Validation Method: paralogous duplication observed in all L1 isolates
Sequence Accession: PRJNA555636|PRJEB8783

8

Structural and functional analysis of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis MmpS5L5 efflux pump presages increased bedaquiline resistance.

PMID 40986343 · 2025

The study identifies MmpL5 mutations that increase bedaquiline efflux, suggesting potential resistance mechanisms beyond pump upregulation.

Gene Information

Gene Name: mmpL5
Allele: mmpL5
Encodes: efflux pump component
Source Database: Reslit
Mechanism: efflux pump
Confers Resistance To: Bedaquiline
Organisms Tested In: • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Mycobacterium marinum
Validation Method: genetic analysis and MIC testing