The study identifies that the inducible expression of both ermB and ermT genes confers high macrolide resistance in S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus isolates from China.

The study identifies the presence of tetracycline resistance gene tetM, and macrolide resistance genes mefA and msrD in a nosocomial outbreak of drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 9V.

The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in invasive group A streptococci, including ermT, ermB, ermTR, tetM, lsaC, mef, msrD, and mutations in ParC and GyrA that confer resistance to macrolides, tetracycline, and fluoroquinolones.

The study identifies mef(A) and msr(D) as encoding an ABC efflux transport system responsible for type M macrolide resistance in streptococci.

Tylosin exposure did not significantly alter the fecal resistome of cattle, but geographical regions influenced resistome composition. Macrolide resistance genes mphB, mefA, and msrD were detected in fecal samples.

The study identifies specific AMR genes such as tet(M), erm(B), mef(A), msr(D), tet(O), erm(A), ant(6)-Ia, aph(3')-III, and erm(T) associated with resistance to tetracycline, erythromycin, clindamycin, and aminoglycosides in group A Streptococcus (GAS) strains. These genes are linked to high-frequency resistance in certain emm types, particularly emm11, emm75, emm77, and emm92, which are overrepresented in invasive GAS infections.

The study identifies a large clonal population of macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes in Iceland, with the majority of isolates harboring the mef(A) and msr(D) genes responsible for macrolide resistance. Additionally, a pbp2x mutation (Met 593 Thr) was found to confer reduced beta-lactam susceptibility.

The study identifies ermF, intI1, and mphA as genes that show positive selection under specific antibiotic concentrations, highlighting their role in antibiotic resistance development at low concentrations.

The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in pneumococcal strains from Myanmar, including genes conferring resistance to azithromycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and quinolones, as well as mutations in penicillin-binding proteins and DNA gyrase. These findings highlight the spread of AMR in pneumococcal strains in Myanmar.

The study identified the msr(D) gene, a ribosomal protection protein, as a novel mechanism for high-level azithromycin resistance in nonpathogenic Neisseria, particularly in Neisseria subflava. Additionally, the tetM gene was found in some Neisseria isolates, contributing to tetracycline resistance.

The study identified several AMR genes associated with erythromycin and clindamycin resistance in invasive non-typeable Group B Streptococcus isolates from Denmark, including mre(A), erm(B), erm(A), mef(A), msr(D), and Isa(C).

The study identifies several antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in plasmidomes from global sewage samples, highlighting the prevalence of macrolide, lincosamide, streptogramin B, and quinolone resistance genes on plasmids.

The paper discusses ribosome protection proteins (RPPs) as significant contributors to antibiotic resistance, particularly against tetracyclines, fusidic acid, and various other antibiotics targeting the ribosome. Key RPPs include TetM, TetO, FusB, VgaA, LsaA, MsrE, MsrA, optrA, and poxtA, which confer resistance through mechanisms involving direct interaction with the ribosome and displacement of antibiotics.

The study identified the presence of macrolide resistance genes msr(D) and mef(A) in S. parasuis strains BS26 and BS27, which conferred resistance to erythromycin and azithromycin. Additionally, these strains exhibited resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole despite lacking known resistance genes for this class.

The study identified the presence of erythromycin resistance gene erm(B) and tetracycline resistance gene tet(M) in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from children in Southwest China, highlighting the prevalence of resistance to these antibiotics.

The study identifies macrolide resistance genes mefA, msrD, ermB, and tetracycline resistance gene tetM in ocular Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, highlighting the prevalence of resistance to macrolides and tetracycline in this population.

The study shows that the msr(D) gene, which confers macrolide resistance, can be efficiently transferred within Neisseria subflava but not between N. subflava and N. gonorrhoeae.

The study identifies that prior exposure to microcystin-LR alters the gut resistome, increasing the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes such as mefA, msrD, mel, tet40, and ant6, which are associated with resistance to macrolides, tetracycline, and aminoglycosides.

The study identified 18 AMR genes in non-serotype 2 Streptococcus suis isolates from healthy pigs, including genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides, macrolides, lincosamides, tetracyclines, oxazolidinones, nucleosides, and phenicols.

The study identifies the macrolide resistance gene pair mef(A)-msr(D) carried by the temperate bacteriophage Φ1207.3, which is capable of lysogenizing various streptococcal species.

The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in the oral microbiota, including mefA, msrD, ermB, ermF, cfxA, blaCSP(1), tetM, tetQ, and pgpB, which confer resistance to antibiotics such as erythromycin, azithromycin, penicillin, ampicillin, tetracycline, and colistin. These genes were found in multiple bacterial species and were associated with different resistotypes in healthy, caries, and periodontitis groups.

The study reveals that immigration of influent wastewater into activated sludge leads to an increase in the abundance of over 70% of the quantified antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Specific ARGs such as blaTEM, blaMOX, qnrS, qnrB, mphE, dfrA, tetO, tetQ, tetE, marR, msrD, robA, qacL, blaOXA, and ereA were found to increase in abundance with immigration, indicating the impact of influent immigration on the persistence of AMR in wastewater treatment plants.

The study found that seasonal azithromycin use in pediatric protracted bacterial bronchitis did not promote antimicrobial resistance but modulated the nasopharyngeal microbiome. High levels of azithromycin resistance were observed in S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae, but no significant increase in resistance was linked to azithromycin use. Genomic sequencing identified resistance genes such as erm(B), tet(M), msr(D), and mef(A) in S. pneumoniae isolates.

The study characterizes the resistome of Gram-positive bacteria causing keratitis, identifying several AMR genes and mutations associated with resistance to antibiotics such as macrolides, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, and fluoroquinolones. Key findings include the prevalence of ermA, ermB, ermC, mphC, msrA, msrD, mecA, ant(9)-Ia, ant(4′)-Ib, aac(6′)-aph(2″), aph(3′)-III, fosB, tetK, tetM, dfrG, dfrC, and dfrE genes, along with mutations in gyrA and parC contributing to fluoroquinolone resistance.

The study identified several AMR genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from Southwest China, including msrD, mefA, ermB, tetM, and catTC, which confer resistance to erythromycin, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol. High levels of resistance to erythromycin (96.96%) and tetracycline (79.85%) were observed, along with significant multidrug resistance.

The study identified multiple AMR genes in odontogenic abscesses using NGS, including genes conferring resistance to tetracyclines, macrolides, lincosamides, aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, penicillins, and others. Notably, Fusobacterium showed resistance to clindamycin.

The study identified several AMR genes associated with macrolide, lincosamide, and tetracycline resistance in Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from Bulgaria. These include ermB, ermA/TR, ermC, mefA, mefE, msrD, lnuB, lsaC, lsaE, tetM, and tetO. High resistance rates to macrolides (60.3%) and tetracyclines (89.1%) were observed.

The study identified several AMR genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, including tet(M), erm(B), msr(D), and mef(A), which confer resistance to tetracycline, erythromycin, and macrolides. These findings highlight the genetic basis of antibiotic resistance in pneumococcal isolates during the post-pandemic period in Southwest China.

The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations associated with tetracycline, erythromycin, clindamycin, and levofloxacin resistance in multidrug-resistant, hypervirulent Streptococcus agalactiae isolates in Thailand, highlighting the predominance of hypervirulent ST283 and the emergence of MDR-GBS.

The study identifies the emergence of a mef(A)-msr(D) positive emm2-ST55 lineage as a major driver of increased macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes pharyngitis in Portugal between 2014 and 2019. It also characterizes various macrolide resistance genes including erm(A), erm(B), erm(T), tet(O), and tet(M) associated with different genetic lineages.

The study identifies several AMR genes, including aph(6)-id_2, mef(c), mef(b), mph(e), mph(g), msr(d), lnu(b), lnu(d), aadA, ant(6)-Ia, blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV, blaOXA, qnrS1, mcr-1, and vanA, which are associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as aminoglycosides, macrolides, lincosamides, beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, polymyxins, and glycopeptides.

The study identified mef(A/E) as the dominant efflux-mediated macrolide resistance gene in UAE Streptococcus isolates, with functional validation of its efflux activity. msr(D) was also detected but at a lower frequency. No tet(K) was found.

The study found that PID cases were associated with higher abundance of G. vaginalis and other CST IV organisms, while controls had higher levels of L. crispatus. No specific AMR genes were characterized in this paper.