Browse AMR Genes

Explore antimicrobial resistance genes from the literature

ompC

outer membrane porin C

NCBI Pathogen Isolates

Bacterial genomes carrying this gene

NCBI Reference Gene Catalog

Known alleles and reference sequences

Protein entries specific to ompC

Browse AMR rules for ompC

Validation StatusConfirmed2+ DBs

Overview

Mechanism: loss-of function mutation reduces uptake of hydrophilic antibiotics and increases sensitivity to multiple antimicrobial peptides
Validation Method: inserting an ompC loss-of function mutation into wild-type E. coli conferred resistance to nitrofurantoin and cell-wall inhibitor antibiotics, and simultaneously increased sensitivity to multiple antimicrobial peptides
Drug Classes: Ceftazidime, Cefepime, Cephalothin, Cefotaxime, Imipenem, Nalidixic acid, Cefmetazole, Carbapenem, Cephalosporin, Fosfomycin, Azithromycin, Nitrofurantoin, Cefepime|Cephalothin, Cefoxitin|Cefotaxime|Cefepime|Ertapenem|Imipenem|Meropenem, Ceftazidime|Ceftriaxone|Cefepime, Ampicillin|Piperacillin, CARBAPENEM
Organisms: Escherichia coli, Achromobacter xylosoxidans BHW-15, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter hormaechei, Enterobacter hormaechei ST89, Enterobacter cloacae subsp. cloacae, Escherichia coli T28R, Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), Escherichia coli K-12 substr. BW25113, E. coli, Enterobacter cloacae
Geographic Location: Bangladesh, Europe|wastewater treatment plant, India, Japan
Alleles: 3
Papers: 19
Databases: Card DatabaseReslit
Mutations: 14

Mutations

Protein Change	Nucleotide Change	Mechanism	Organism	Resistance To	Database	Validation Status
D18E	-	perturbs the transverse electrostatic field	E. coli	Cefotaxime	Reslit	Candidate
S271F	-	perturbs the transverse electrostatic field	E. coli	Cefotaxime	Reslit	Candidate
R124H	-	perturbs the transverse electrostatic field	E. coli	Cefotaxime

Allele Variants3

Allele	Database	Papers	Drug Classes	Organisms	Countries	Years	Sequence Accession	Protein Accession
ompC	Reslit	10	Ceftazidime, Cefepime +10	Escherichia coli +7	Europe\|wastewater treatment plant, Japan, India	2018, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025	PRJNA380388	-
OM	Reslit	1	-	Achromobacter xylosoxidans BHW-15	Bangladesh	2019	PZMK00000000.1	-
porin_OmpC	Card Database	1	-	Escherichia coli	-	-	KY086517.1	APB87301.1

Papers19

1

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria show widespread collateral sensitivity to antimicrobial peptides.

PMID 29795541 · 2018

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria exhibit widespread collateral sensitivity to antimicrobial peptides, particularly PGLA. Mutations in marR, ompC, and sbmA contribute to this sensitivity by altering membrane properties and efflux mechanisms.

Gene Information

Gene Name: ompC
Allele: ompC
Encodes: outer membrane porin C
Source Database: Reslit
Mechanism: loss-of function mutation reduces uptake of hydrophilic antibiotics and increases sensitivity to multiple antimicrobial peptides
Organisms Tested In: • Escherichia coli
Validation Method: inserting an ompC loss-of function mutation into wild-type E. coli conferred resistance to nitrofurantoin and cell-wall inhibitor antibiotics, and simultaneously increased sensitivity to multiple antimicrobial peptides

2

Adaptation of metal and antibiotic resistant traits in novel β-Proteobacterium Achromobacter xylosoxidans BHW-15.

PMID 30886770 · 2019

The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes in Achromobacter xylosoxidans BHW-15, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, and efflux pumps, contributing to resistance against beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, and other antibiotics.

Gene Information

Gene Name: ompC
Allele: OM
Encodes: outer membrane component of tripartite multidrug resistance system
Source Database: Reslit
Organisms Tested In: • Achromobacter xylosoxidans BHW-15
Geographic Location: Bangladesh
Validation Method: genomic analysis
Sequence Accession: PZMK00000000.1

3

Mutations in SilS and CusS/OmpC represent different routes to achieve high level silver ion tolerance in Klebsiella pneumoniae.

PMID 35468722 · 2022

The study identifies mutations in silS, cusS, and ompC as key mechanisms for achieving high-level silver ion tolerance in Klebsiella pneumoniae. These mutations lead to overexpression of the silCFBA or cusCFBA operons and disruption of the outer membrane porin OmpC, resulting in increased silver tolerance.

Gene Information

Gene Name: ompC
Allele: ompC
Encodes: outer membrane porin
Source Database: Reslit
Mechanism: mutations in OmpC
Organisms Tested In: • Klebsiella pneumoniae
Validation Method: whole genome sequencing

4

A genome-wide scan of wastewater E. coli for genes under positive selection: focusing on mechanisms of antibiotic resistance.

PMID 35577863 · 2022

The study identifies ompC and hipA as genes under positive selection that correlate with antibiotic resistance. Non-synonymous mutations in these genes are associated with increased resistance to several antibiotics.

Gene Information

Gene Name: ompC
Allele: ompC
Encodes: outer membrane porin
Source Database: Reslit
Mechanism: outer membrane permeability
Confers Resistance To: CeftazidimeCefepimeCephalothinCefotaximeImipenemNalidixic acid
Organisms Tested In: • Escherichia coli
Geographic Location: Europe|wastewater treatment plant
Validation Method: correlation with antibiotic resistance values
Sequence Accession: PRJNA380388

5

Cefmetazole Resistance Mechanism for Escherichia Coli Including ESBL-Producing Strains.

PMID 36237294 · 2022

The study identified that decreased expression of porin genes ompF, ompC, and phoE contributes to cefmetazole resistance in E. coli, particularly in ESBL-producing strains. The addition of relebactam suppressed resistance acquisition.

Gene Information

Gene Name: ompC
Allele: ompC
Encodes: outer membrane porin
Source Database: Reslit
Mechanism: decreased expression leads to reduced drug influx
Confers Resistance To: Cefmetazole
Organisms Tested In: • Escherichia coli
Geographic Location: Japan
Validation Method: real-time RT-PCR for mRNA expression levels

6

The evolution of antibiotic resistance in an incurable and ultimately fatal infection: A retrospective case study.

PMID 37325804 · 2023

The study identifies multiple mutations in genes such as ampD, deoR, wecA, rcsC, ompC, ompD, and phoE that contribute to antibiotic resistance in Enterobacter hormaechei. These mutations include transposon insertions, deletions, and frameshift variants, leading to resistance against β-lactams, carbapenems, and other antibiotics.

Gene Information

Gene Name: ompC
Allele: ompC
Encodes: outer membrane porin
Source Database: Reslit
Mechanism: transposon insertion within ompC
Confers Resistance To: CarbapenemCephalosporin
Organisms Tested In: • Enterobacter hormaechei
Validation Method: whole-genome sequencing and phenotypic testing
Sequence Accession: CP023569|CP027111

7

Glyoxylate Shunt and Pyruvate-to-Acetoin Shift Are Specific Stress Responses Induced by Colistin and Ceragenin CSA-13 in Enterobacter hormaechei ST89.

PMID 37338344 · 2023

The study identifies mgrB deletion and arnABCDEF, pagP overexpression as mechanisms for colistin resistance, and ompC and smvR disruption for CSA-13 resistance in Enterobacter hormaechei ST89.

Gene Information

Gene Name: ompC
Allele: ompC
Encodes: outer membrane protein C
Source Database: Reslit
Mechanism: disruption by insertion of premature stop codons leads to CSA-13 resistance
Organisms Tested In: • Enterobacter hormaechei ST89
Validation Method: whole-genome sequencing
Sequence Accession: CP104401|CP104402|CP104403|CP104404|CP104405|CP104406|PRJNA877279|PRJNA881847

8

Fosfomycin Uptake in Escherichia coli Is Mediated by the Outer-Membrane Porins OmpF, OmpC, and LamB.

PMID 38104323 · 2024

The study identifies OmpF, OmpC, and LamB as critical outer-membrane porins involved in fosfomycin uptake in E. coli, with their deletion leading to increased resistance to fosfomycin.

Gene Information

Gene Name: ompC
Allele: ompC
Encodes: outer-membrane porin
Source Database: Reslit
Confers Resistance To: Fosfomycin
Organisms Tested In: • Escherichia coli
Validation Method: agar dilution and gradient strip test
Sequence Accession: GSE236554

9

Whole genome sequence-based molecular characterization of blood isolates of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex from ICU patients in Kolkata, India, during 2017-2022: emergence of phylogenetically heterogeneous Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. xiangfangensis.

PMID 38385742 · 2024

The study identified several carbapenemase and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes, including bla NDM-1, bla NDM-4, bla NDM-5, bla NDM-7, bla OXA-181, bla OXA-232, bla KPC-3, bla CTX-M-15, bla SFO-1, bla ACT, and bla CMH-3, in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex isolates from Kolkata, India. Novel integrons (In180, In4874, In4887, and In4888) were also discovered.

Gene Information

Gene Name: ompC
Allele: ompC
Encodes: outer membrane porin
Source Database: Reslit
Confers Resistance To: Carbapenem
Organisms Tested In: • Enterobacter cloacae subsp. cloacae
Geographic Location: India
Validation Method: RT-PCR and Western blot
Sequence Accession: CP017183|CP017179|CP017181|CP001918|WJWQ00000000|FCOP00000000|POVL00000000|CPO17184

10

Upregulation of outer membrane porin gene ompC contributed to enhancement of azithromycin susceptibility in multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli.

PMID 38441474 · 2024

The study found that upregulation of the ompC gene enhanced azithromycin susceptibility in multidrug-resistant E. coli, while downregulation of the mph(A) gene reduced azithromycin resistance.

Gene Information

Gene Name: ompC
Allele: ompC
Encodes: outer membrane porin
Source Database: Reslit
Confers Resistance To: Azithromycin
Organisms Tested In: • Escherichia coli T28R
• Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3)
Validation Method: overexpression and MIC testing

11

Tripartite Loops Reverse Antibiotic Resistance.

PMID 40478208 · 2025

The study introduces tripartite loops consisting of three antibiotics to reverse antibiotic resistance in bacteria. By evolving resistance to a third drug, the study shows that resistance to the initial drugs can be reversed, leading to resensitization. The research highlights the role of specific genes and mutations in mediating resistance and resensitization, including genes involved in electron transport, efflux regulation, and nutrient transport.

Gene Information

Gene Name: ompC
Allele: ompC
Encodes: outer membrane porin
Source Database: Reslit
Mechanism: involved in NIT resistance
Confers Resistance To: Nitrofurantoin
Organisms Tested In: • Escherichia coli K-12 substr. BW25113
Validation Method: genomic sequencing and MIC testing

12

Gene Information

Gene Name: ompC
Allele: porin_OmpC
Encodes: General Bacterial Porin with reduced permeability to beta-lactams
Source Database: Card Database
Mechanism: reduced permeability to antibiotic
Organisms Tested In: • Escherichia coli
Sequence Accession: KY086517.1
Protein Accession: APB87301.1
Notes: ARO:3004114