Browse AMR Genes
Explore antimicrobial resistance genes from the literature
Explore antimicrobial resistance genes from the literature
Overview
| Protein Change | Nucleotide Change | Mechanism | Organism | Resistance To | Database | Validation Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K123Q | - | single resistance variant, two-component system sensor histidine kinase PhoQ | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | ColistinCOLISTIN | Card DatabaseReference Gene Catalog | Confirmed |
| V260G | - | two-component system sensor histidine kinase PhoQ, single resistance variant, increased susceptibility to colistin | E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Polymyxin bCOLISTINColistin | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogReslit |
| Confirmed |
| D434N | - | mutation in the cytoplasmic GHKL domain (ATP-lid loop) | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| L26P | - | two-component system sensor histidine kinase PhoQ | Klebsiella pneumoniae | ColistinCOLISTIN | Reference Gene CatalogReslit | Confirmed |
| N346K | - | - | - | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| D266DD | - | two-component system sensor histidine kinase PhoQ | Klebsiella pneumoniae | COLISTIN | Reference Gene Catalog | Established |
| L396Q | - | two-component system sensor histidine kinase PhoQ | Klebsiella pneumoniae | COLISTINColistin | Reference Gene CatalogReslit | Confirmed |
| V24G | - | two-component system sensor histidine kinase PhoQ, single resistance variant, deleterious | Klebsiella pneumoniae | COLISTINColistin | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogReslit | Confirmed |
| L96P | - | two-component system sensor histidine kinase PhoQ | Klebsiella pneumoniae | COLISTIN | Reference Gene Catalog | Established |
| L348Q | - | two-component system sensor histidine kinase PhoQ | Klebsiella pneumoniae | COLISTINCarbapenemPolymyxin b | Reference Gene CatalogReslit | Confirmed |
| D438N | - | two-component system sensor histidine kinase PhoQ | Klebsiella pneumoniae | COLISTIN | Reference Gene Catalog | Established |
| LG364del | - | two-component system sensor histidine kinase PhoQ | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | COLISTIN | Reference Gene Catalog | Established |
| V152Ter | - | two-component system sensor histidine kinase PhoQ | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | COLISTIN | Reference Gene Catalog | Established |
| I421Ter | - | two-component system sensor histidine kinase PhoQ | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | COLISTIN | Reference Gene Catalog | Established |
| N104I | - | two-component system sensor histidine kinase PhoQ | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | COLISTIN | Reference Gene Catalog | Established |
| D433Ter | - | two-component system sensor histidine kinase PhoQ | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | COLISTIN | Reference Gene Catalog | Established |
| A21S | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| T156A | - | - | Escherichia coli | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| Y85F | - | - | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | AmikacinGentamicin|Amikacin | Reslit | Candidate |
| R16C | - | two-component system sensor histidine kinase PhoQ | Klebsiella pneumoniae | ColistinCOLISTIN | Reference Gene CatalogReslit | Confirmed |
| D150G | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | ColistinPolymyxin b | Reslit | Supported |
| V206G | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Polymyxin b | Reslit | Candidate |
| K46T | - | deleterious | Escherichia coli | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| A466T | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| G1375T | - | - | Enterobacter xiangfangensis | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| G1175A | - | - | Enterobacter xiangfangensis | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| T749A | - | - | Enterobacter xiangfangensis | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| G1154A | - | - | Enterobacter xiangfangensis | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| G881A | - | - | Enterobacter xiangfangensis | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| G385S | - | two-component system sensor histidine kinase PhoQ | Klebsiella pneumoniae | ColistinCOLISTIN | Reference Gene CatalogReslit | Confirmed |
| L52V | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| L30Q | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| A351D | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| R423C | - | - | Enterobacter cloacae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| E41D | - | - | Escherichia coli | Aztreonam|Clavulanic acid | Reslit | Candidate |
| N150D | - | - | Enterobacter cloacae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| N90D | - | - | Enterobacter cloacae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| R220C | - | - | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Carbenicillin|Cefuroxime|Doripenem | Reslit | Candidate |
| L10R | - | - | - | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| Y89H | - | - | Polymyxin | Reslit | Candidate |
| F76Y | - | - | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| L239P | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| N253P | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| C340F | - | - | - | Polymyxin b | Reslit | Candidate |
| T439P | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| G39S | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| V446G | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| D438H | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| N253T | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| D101E | - | - | Escherichia coli | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| E464D | - | - | Escherichia coli | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| S138T | - | - | Escherichia coli | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| I175F | - | - | Escherichia coli | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| V386L | - | - | Escherichia coli | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| T348N | - | - | Escherichia coli | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| D553V | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| M234V | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Polymyxin b | Reslit | Candidate |
| G365R | - | - | Pseudomonas putida | Aminoglycoside | Reslit | Candidate |
| K46Q | - | disrupts the phosphatase domain, allowing continuous PhoP activation of downstream genes such as those that modify lipid A, thereby providing colistin resistance | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| L467M | - | - | Escherichia coli | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| P142S | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| Q435H | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| L322Q | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| V456A | - | - | - | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| L105Q | - | deleterious | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| K46E | - | neutral | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| Q155R | - | - | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Aztreonam | Reslit | Candidate |
| T281M | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Polymyxin b|Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| G385C | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Polymyxin b|Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| A351N | - | deleterious | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| T276C | - | - | - | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| I88N | - | - | - | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| E397G | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| Y265C | - | - | - | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| Y265T | - | - | - | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| L26Q | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| L96R | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| L224Q | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| L257P | - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| A20P | - | two-component system sensor histidine kinase PhoQ | Klebsiella pneumoniae | COLISTIN | Reference Gene Catalog | Established |
| S174N | - | two-component system sensor histidine kinase PhoQ | Klebsiella pneumoniae | COLISTIN | Reference Gene Catalog | Established |
| A20S | - | two-component system sensor histidine kinase PhoQ | Klebsiella pneumoniae | COLISTIN | Reference Gene Catalog | Established |
| S56R | two-component system sensor histidine kinase PhoQ | Klebsiella pneumoniae | COLISTINColistin | Reference Gene CatalogReslit | Confirmed |
| - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| Q457E | - | - | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| A23V | - | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| - | - | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| - | - | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| - | - | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
| L87P | - | - | Colistin | Reslit | Candidate |
Mutations and expression of PmrAB and PhoPQ related with colistin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates.
Pseudomonas mutant PhoQ conferring resistance to colistin; CARD accession: CARD:3003896
phoQ
Differential Role of Two-Component Regulatory Systems (phoPQ and pmrAB) in Polymyxin B Susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
phoQ
Genomic and transcriptomic analyses of colistin-resistant clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae reveal multiple pathways of resistance.
Colistin Resistance Mechanisms in Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains from Taiwan.
phoQ
Molecular Epidemiology and Colistin Resistant Mechanism of mcr-Positive and mcr-Negative Clinical Isolated Escherichia coli.
found in high-MIC isolates
A Retrospective Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis of Carbapenem and Colistin-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae Nosocomial Strains Isolated during an MDR Surveillance Program.
phoQ
Identification of a novel mutation involved in colistin resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae through Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) based approaches.
phoQ
Klebsiella pneumoniae mutant PhoQ conferring resistance to colistin; CARD accession: CARD:3007203
Worldwide emergence of colistin resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae from healthy humans and patients in Lao PDR, Thailand, Israel, Nigeria and France owing to inactivation of the PhoP/PhoQ regulator mgrB: an epidemiological and molecular study.
phoQ
PhoQ mutations promote lipid A modification and polymyxin resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa found in colistin-treated cystic fibrosis patients.
phoQ
Genomic Characterization of Colistin Heteroresistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae during a Nosocomial Outbreak.
phoQ
Molecular and genome characterization of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from wild sea lions (Zalophus californianus).
Mutations in pmrB and phoQ were identified but not confirmed to contribute to colistin resistance.
Novel Molecular Markers Linked to Pseudomonas aeruginosa Epidemic High-Risk Clones.
associated with high-risk clones
A Molecular Perspective on Colistin and Klebsiella pneumoniae: Mode of Action, Resistance Genetics, and Phenotypic Susceptibility.
Mutations in PhoP/PhoQ lead to constitutive activation of the arnBCADTEF operon and pmrC.
Genotyping of paired KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates with and without divergent polymyxin B susceptibility profiles.
Substitution in PhoQ was associated with polymyxin B resistance.
Molecular Epidemiology and Colistin-Resistant Mechanism of mcr-Positive and mcr-Negative Escherichia coli Isolated From Animal in Sichuan Province, China.
Mutation in PhoQ was found in mcr-negative colistin-resistant E. coli isolates.
Molecular characterization of colistin resistance in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae from a tertiary hospital in China.
Colistin heteroresistance in Enterobacter due to base heterozygosity at certain phoP and phoQ locations.
Mutations in phoQ gene were found to confer colistin resistance.
Global colistin use: a review of the emergence of resistant Enterobacterales and the impact on their genetic basis.
Mutations in PhoQ contribute to colistin resistance.
Emergence and clonal spread of colistin resistance due to multiple mutational mechanisms in carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in London.
Mutation in phoQ contributes to colistin resistance.
Evolution of Colistin Resistance in the Klebsiella pneumoniae Complex Follows Multiple Evolutionary Trajectories with Variable Effects on Fitness and Virulence Characteristics.
Prevalence and genetic characterization of clinically relevant extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries.
Colistin Resistance Among Multiple Sequence Types of Klebsiella pneumoniae Is Associated With Diverse Resistance Mechanisms: A Report From India.
Resistance evolution of hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST11 during treatment with tigecycline and polymyxin.
Emergence of polymyxin B-heteroresistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae from an individual in the community with asymptomatic bacteriuria.
The D150G substitution in phoQ is known to confer polymyxin B resistance.
Clinical characteristics, molecular epidemiology and mechanisms of colistin heteroresistance in Enterobacter cloacae complex.
Mutations in phoQ contribute to colistin heteroresistance.
The impact of aztreonam-clavulanic acid exposure on gene expression and mutant selection using a multidrug-resistant E. coli.
part of the PhoP–PhoQ TCS
Alterations in two-component regulatory systems of phoPQ and pmrAB are associated with polymyxin B resistance in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
The evolution of antimicrobial peptide resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is shaped by strong epistatic interactions.
High potency of sequential therapy with only β-lactam antibiotics.
Genomic Characterization of Pan-Drug Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae KPNW Isolated From UTI Patient in Bangladesh.
Clonal transmission and species-specific mechanisms of polymyxin resistance in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae from Southwest China.
PhoQ Tyr89His mutation contributes to polymyxin resistance.
In Vivo Evolution of Bacterial Resistance in Two Cases of Enterobacter aerogenes Infections during Treatment with Imipenem.
Genomic islands 1 and 2 play key roles in the evolution of extensively drug-resistant ST235 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Mutation in phoQ contributes to colistin resistance
Multifaceted mechanisms of colistin resistance revealed by genomic analysis of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from individual patients before and after colistin treatment.
Multiple missense mutations in phoQ were identified in colistin-susceptible and -resistant isolates.
Production of Norspermidine Contributes to Aminoglycoside Resistance in pmrAB Mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
mutation in phoQ leads to polymyxin B resistance
Characterization Of Chromosome-Mediated Colistin Resistance In Escherichia coli Isolates From Livestock In Korea.
first detected in CL-17 isolate
Pathogenomics and Evolutionary Epidemiology of Multi-Drug Resistant Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Pretoria, South Africa.
Lipid A in outer membrane vesicles shields bacteria from polymyxins.
Single nucleotide polymorphism in phoQ leads to amino acid change and contributes to polymyxin B resistance.
Antibiotic resistance determinants in a Pseudomonas putida strain isolated from a hospital.
Morphological, genomic and transcriptomic responses of Klebsiella pneumoniae to the last-line antibiotic colistin.
Prevalence of Mutated Colistin-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Whole-genome sequence analysis of clinically isolated carbapenem resistant Escherichia coli from Iran.
Clonal transmission of polymyxin B-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates coharboring bla(NDM-1) and bla(KPC-2) in a tertiary hospital in China.
From Farm to Fork: Persistence of Clinically Relevant Multidrug-Resistant and Copper-Tolerant Klebsiella pneumoniae Long after Colistin Withdrawal in Poultry Production.
associated with colistin resistance
Genomic characterization of colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from intensive care unit patients in Egypt.
mutations in phoQ lead to colistin resistance
The PitA protein contributes to colistin susceptibility in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
The balance between antibiotic resistance and fitness/virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: an update on basic knowledge and fundamental research.
Mutations in phoQ lead to resistance to colistin.
Heteroresistance to colistin in wild-type Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from clinical origin.
Mutations in phoQ were associated with colistin resistance.
Evolved Aztreonam Resistance Is Multifactorial and Can Produce Hypervirulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Multifactorial chromosomal variants regulate polymyxin resistance in extensively drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.
missense mutations
Exploring the success of Brazilian endemic clone Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST277 and its association with the CRISPR-Cas system type I-C.
Colistin Heteroresistance among Extended Spectrum β-lactamases-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Polymyxin Resistance in Clinical Isolates of K. pneumoniae in Brazil: Update on Molecular Mechanisms, Clonal Dissemination and Relationship With KPC-Producing Strains.
mutations in PhoQ contribute to polymyxin resistance
Characterization of Carbapenemase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates from Two Romanian Hospitals Co-Presenting Resistance and Heteroresistance to Colistin.
PhoQ mutations were detected in multiple strains and are associated with colistin resistance
Mutant prevention concentrations of colistin for Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates.
phoQ
Emergence of Polymyxin Resistance in Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae Through Diverse Genetic Adaptations: A Genomic, Retrospective Cohort Study.
phoQ
Colistin Resistance and Extensive Genetic Variations in PmrAB and PhoPQ in Klebsiella Pneumoniae Isolates from South Korea.
New amphiphilic neamine derivatives active against resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and their interactions with lipopolysaccharides.
Mutation in phoQ contributes to colistin resistance
Efficacy of colistin-based combinations against pandrug-resistant whole-genome-sequenced Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from hospitalized patients in Egypt: an in vitro/vivo comparative study.
Amino acid substitution affecting phosphorylation
Combining antibiotics with antivirulence compounds can have synergistic effects and reverse selection for antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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