Browse AMR Genes

Explore antimicrobial resistance genes from the literature

pilQ

Type IV pilus secretin

NCBI Pathogen Isolates

Bacterial genomes carrying this gene

NCBI Reference Gene Catalog

Known alleles and reference sequences

Protein entries specific to pilQ

Browse AMR rules for pilQ

Validation StatusSupported

Overview

Mechanism: Alters porin-mediated penicillin entry
Validation Method: Site-directed mutagenesis and MIC testing
Drug Classes: Penicillin, Cefixime, Cephalosporins, Tetracycline, Penicillin,Tetracycline,Ciprofloxacin, Beta-lactams, Cefixime|Penicillin, Ceftriaxone, Azithromycin, Penicillin|Tetracycline, Penicillin|Cephalosporins|Tetracycline
Organisms: Neisseria gonorrhoeae FA19, Neisseria gonorrhoeae PR100, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Neisseria subflava
Geographic Location: England|USA|Canada, Kenya
Papers: 10
Databases: Reslit
Mutations: 8

Mutations

Protein Change	Nucleotide Change	Mechanism	Organism	Resistance To	Database	Validation Status
E666K	-	single resistance variant	Neisseria gonorrhoeae	Penicillin,Tetracycline,CiprofloxacinBeta-lactamsCefixime\|Penicillin	Card DatabaseResFinder DatabaseReslit	Confirmed
S333N	-	-	Neisseria gonorrhoeae	Ceftriaxone	Reslit	Candidate

Papers10

1

The penC mutation conferring antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae arises from a mutation in the PilQ secretin that interferes with multimer stability.

PMID 16101998 · 2005

The penC mutation in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which confers resistance to penicillin and tetracycline, is caused by a point mutation in the pilQ gene (Glu-666 to Lys) that disrupts the formation of the SDS-resistant high-molecular-mass PilQ secretin complex.

Gene Information

Gene Name: pilQ
Allele: pilQ
Encodes: Type IV pilus secretin
Source Database: Reslit
Mechanism: Alters porin-mediated penicillin entry
Confers Resistance To: Penicillin
Organisms Tested In: • Neisseria gonorrhoeae FA19
• Neisseria gonorrhoeae PR100
Validation Method: Site-directed mutagenesis and MIC testing

2

Diffusion of antibiotics through the PilQ secretin in Neisseria gonorrhoeae occurs through the immature, sodium dodecyl sulfate-labile form.

PMID 25605303 · 2015

The study identifies the pilQ2 mutation (E666K) in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which increases resistance to penicillin by altering the PilQ secretin's ability to form SDS-resistant multimers, thereby affecting antibiotic permeation.

Gene Information

Gene Name: pilQ
Allele: pilQ
Encodes: outer membrane secretin
Source Database: Reslit
Mechanism: forms immature multimers that allow antibiotic diffusion into the periplasm
Confers Resistance To: Penicillin
Organisms Tested In: • Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Validation Method: mutagenesis and MIC testing

3

WGS to predict antibiotic MICs for Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

PMID 28333355 · 2017

The study identifies various AMR genes and mutations in Neisseria gonorrhoeae that contribute to resistance against multiple antibiotics, including cefixime, penicillin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline. These findings are supported by WGS and multivariate linear regression models.

Gene Information

Gene Name: pilQ
Allele: pilQ
Encodes: secretin
Source Database: Reslit
Confers Resistance To: CefiximePenicillin
Organisms Tested In: • Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Geographic Location: England|USA|Canada
Validation Method: WGS and multivariate linear regression models
Sequence Accession: NCBI short-read archive accession numbers for sequences used in this publication and associated phenotypes and MIC predictions can be found in Table S2.

4

Human fluids alter DNA-acquisition in Acinetobacter baumannii.

PMID 30420211 · 2019

Human fluids such as pleural fluid, whole blood, and ascites fluid significantly increase transformation frequencies in Acinetobacter baumannii by enhancing the expression of competence-related genes comEA and pilQ.

Gene Information

Gene Name: pilQ
Allele: pilQ
Encodes: outer secretin protein found in type IV pili that allows double-stranded DNA to enter into the periplasm
Source Database: Reslit
Mechanism: competence-related gene
Organisms Tested In: • Acinetobacter baumannii
Validation Method: RT-qPCR

5

Antimicrobial Resistance Profiling and Phylogenetic Analysis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Clinical Isolates From Kenya in a Resource-Limited Setting.

PMID 34385981 · 2021

The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates from Kenya, including mutations in gyrA, parC, penA, ponA1, rpsJ, folP, mtrR, rpoB, pilQ, porB1b, and rplD, which confer resistance to fluoroquinolones, penicillins, cephalosporins, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, rifampicin, and macrolides.

Gene Information

Gene Name: pilQ
Allele: pilQ
Encodes: outer membrane secretin
Source Database: Reslit
Confers Resistance To: PenicillinCephalosporinsTetracycline
Organisms Tested In: • Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Geographic Location: Kenya
Validation Method: sequencing and mutation analysis
Sequence Accession: PRJNA660404|SAMN15960547|SAMN15960548|SAMN15960549|SAMN15960550|SAMN15960551|SAMN15960552|SAMN15960553|SAMN15960554|SAMN15960555|CP061491|CP061490|CP061498|CP061488|CP061487|CP061486|CP061492|CP061485|CP061484|CP061483

6

Molecular Mechanisms of Drug Resistance and Epidemiology of Multidrug-Resistant Variants of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

PMID 36142410 · 2022

The paper discusses the development and evaluation of new antimicrobial agents against Neisseria gonorrhoeae, highlighting the importance of monitoring resistance mechanisms such as mutations in GyrA and ParC that confer resistance to fluoroquinolones.

Gene Information

Gene Name: pilQ
Allele: pilQ
Encodes: Type IV pilus assembly protein
Source Database: Reslit
Organisms Tested In: • Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Validation Method: mutational analysis and MIC testing