The study identifies a novel family of tetracycline-inactivating enzymes, including tetX, which confers high-level tetracycline resistance by enzymatic inactivation.

The study identifies multiple AMR genes in the multidrug-resistant E. coli strain 912, including aac(3)-IV, blaTEM-1, sul2, aph(4), tet(X), and strA/B, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as gentamicin, apramycin, sulfonamides, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, and streptomycin.

The genome sequence of Riemerella anatipestifer strain RCAD0122 reveals the presence of nine types of antibiotic resistance-associated genes, including those encoding resistance to beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, chloramphenicol, lincosamides, sulfonamides, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, glycopeptides, and macrolides.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes, including beta-lactamases, sulfonamide-resistant dihydropteroate synthetase (Sul2), and tetracycline-inactivating enzymes (TetX), which contribute to resistance against various antibiotics in human and environmental microbiota from low-income communities.

The study identifies carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter indicus-like isolates from cattle carrying the blaOXA-23 gene, along with various other AMR genes such as aac(3)-IIa, strA/B, aph(3')-Ic, sul2, floR, tet(A), tet(Y), aadA1, aadB, sul1, and tet(X).

The study identifies and characterizes several tetracycline destructases, including tet(56), tet(X), tet(50), tet(51), and tet(55), which confer tetracycline resistance through enzymatic inactivation. These enzymes degrade tetracycline, leading to increased minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) in E. coli. Additionally, anhydrotetracycline is identified as an inhibitor of these enzymes, restoring tetracycline activity.

The study identified the presence of tetX, blaCTX-M, sul1, and sul2 genes in the endophytic system of pakchoi under antibiotic exposure, indicating the development of antibiotic resistance in response to tetracycline, cephalexin, and sulfamethoxazole.

The study identifies several tetracycline resistance genes (tet B, tet L, tet Z, tet M, tet O, and tet X) in cultivable tetracycline-resistant bacteria from pig manure and soil, highlighting the diversity and abundance of these genes following pig manure application.

The study identified and characterized multiple tetracycline resistance genes, including tet(A), tet(B), tet(M), tet(O), tet(O/W/32/O), tet(Q), and tet(X), in Riemerella anatipestifer isolates from ducks in China. The tet(X) gene was found to be the primary mechanism of tetracycline resistance.

The paper reviews the structure, mechanism, and inhibition of tetracycline-destructase enzymes, highlighting their role in enzymatic inactivation of tetracyclines and the identification of new tetracycline destructase genes such as tetX, tetX1, tetX2, tet49, tet50, tet51, tet55, and tet56.

The paper reviews the structure, mechanism, and inhibition of tetracycline-destructase enzymes, highlighting their role in enzymatic inactivation of tetracyclines and the identification of new tetracycline destructase genes such as tetX, tetX1, tetX2, tet49, tet50, tet51, tet55, and tet56.

The paper reviews the structure, mechanism, and inhibition of tetracycline-destructase enzymes, highlighting their role in enzymatic inactivation of tetracyclines and the identification of new tetracycline destructase genes such as tetX, tetX1, tetX2, tet49, tet50, tet51, tet55, and tet56.

The study identifies family-specific antibiotic resistance genes, including ORF3 (penicillin resistance), Msr3_mel (macrolide resistance), and tetX (tetracycline resistance), which were found in child samples but not in maternal samples, indicating potential vertical transmission of these resistance traits.

The study identifies multiple AMR genes in Myroides odoratimimus, including bla-OXA-347, bla-OXA-209, tetX, and cat, which contribute to its multidrug-resistant profile.

The study predicts 6,095 antibiotic resistance determinants (ARDs) in the human intestinal microbiota using a three-dimensional structure-based method called pairwise comparative modelling (PCM). Experimental validation of 71 predicted ARDs showed that they conferred resistance to various antibiotics, including beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, macrolides, quinolones, sulfonamides, trimethoprim, fosfomycin, and glycopeptides.

The study characterizes the tetracycline destructase enzymes Tet(50), Tet(X), and Tet(X)_3, highlighting their roles in tetracycline inactivation and the development of anhydrotetracycline analogs as inhibitors.

The study characterizes the antimicrobial resistance genes and mutations in the emerging Klebsiella pneumoniae ST101 lineage, highlighting the presence of multiple resistance mechanisms including carbapenemases, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, and various other resistance genes.

The study identified several tetracycline, macrolide, aminoglycoside, beta-lactam, sulfonamide, mercury, and biocide resistance genes in beef feedlots, catch basin water, soil, and urban sewage influent. Tetracycline resistance was predominant in beef production systems, while urban sewage influent showed a diverse resistome with resistance to multiple antimicrobial classes.

The study identifies discriminatory antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) using an extremely randomized tree (ERT) algorithm, highlighting genes like sul1, tet(W), and ermB as significant markers for differentiating resistomes across various aquatic environments.

The study identified 50 unique antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in food waste, compost, and farm products, with a focus on aminoglycoside, tetracycline, and macrolide resistance. Key ARGs included aph(6)-1d, lmrD, mefA, mel, abeM, abeS, adeF, adeG, adeI, adeJ, adeK, emrD, sul2, tetH, tetM, tetO, tetW, and tetX, which were found in various samples and showed resistance to multiple drug classes.

The study identified the expansion of tetracycline and sulfonamide resistance genes, particularly tetC and sul1, under long-term exposure to tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole in wastewater treatment systems.

The study identified several AMR genes using Nanopore sequencing, including mecA, blaTEM-4, blaTEM-112, blaTEM-157, blaACT-5, oqxB, tetC, ermA, erm (33), tet38, ant(4′)-lb, tetK, tetQ, sul1, dfrA, acrF, parE, mfd, mphA, aadA5, vgaC, blaACT-5, blaACT-14, mefA, mel, tetX, tetM, isaC, and aadA5, which conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as methicillin, ticarcillin, ceftazidime, erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin.

The study reports the development of an efficient multiplex PCR method to detect the expanding family of tet(X) variants, including tet(X1) to tet(X5), which are responsible for tigecycline resistance in various bacterial species.

The paper describes the antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in Clostridium and Brachyspira spp. and other anaerobes, focusing on the genetic basis of resistance to various antibiotics, including tetracyclines, macrolides, lincosamides, chloramphenicol, and others. It highlights the role of specific genes such as tet, erm, and cat in conferring resistance.

The study identified the co-occurrence of plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance gene tet(X) and carbapenemase gene blaNDM-1 in Acinetobacter isolates from waterfowls and their neighboring environments, highlighting the spread of multidrug-resistant strains.

The study identifies several antibiotic resistance genes, including bla CTX-M, fosA3, bla TEM, qnrS, and tet(X), which were enriched in the gut resistome of students exposed to swine farm environments. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as cephalosporins, fosfomycin, penicillins, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines.

The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes in the gut microbiome of chickens raised on organic and conventional diets, including beta-lactamases, multidrug efflux systems, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, and tetracycline resistance genes. These genes were found to be more prevalent in conventional diet samples under higher antibiotic concentrations.

The study identifies a novel plasmid carrying the carbapenemase gene blaOXA-58 and the tigecycline resistance gene tet(X) in an Acinetobacter sp. strain from a pig in Shanghai, China.

The study identified 17 novel tetracycline resistance genes, including enzymatic degradation, ribosomal protection, and efflux pump genes, which conferred resistance in E. coli. These genes were found in various environments and showed potential for horizontal gene transfer.

The review highlights the mechanisms of resistance to tetracyclines, including efflux pumps (tet(K), tet(L), tet(B)), ribosomal protection proteins (tet(M)), and enzymatic deactivation (tet(X)). These genes confer resistance to tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, and omadacycline in various bacterial pathogens.

The study identifies two new metallo-beta-lactamase genes, cfiA14b and cfiA28, in Bacteroides fragilis strains resistant to meropenem-EDTA. Additionally, various other AMR genes such as aadS, aac(3'), ermF, lnu(AN2), vatA, mef(En2), tetX, tetQ, cat, bexA, bexB, qacE, cusR, mexAB-oprM, mexJK-oprM, mexXY-oprM, acrEF-tolC, and mdtEF-tolC were characterized.

The study highlights the emergence and spread of tet(X) genes, which confer resistance to various tetracyclines, including next-generation ones. These genes are primarily acquired through mobile genetic elements and have been found in multiple bacterial species, including pathogens.

The study found that anaerobic digestion of dairy manure significantly reduced the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes, including various ESBL genes such as bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-27, bla CTX-M-55, and bla PER-1, as well as other resistance genes like aac(6')-Ib-cr, aph(3')-Ib, aph(6)-Id, bla OXA-1, catB4, dfrA1, floR, lnu(G), sul2, aadA2, mph(E), msr(E), tet(C), tet(E), and tet(X).

Six unique resistance plasmids were identified that can transfer to Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella aerogenes, and E. coli, carrying 3-6 antibiotic resistance genes conferring resistance to 2-4 antibiotic classes.

The study identifies five key residue changes (L282S, A339T, D340N, V350I, and K351E) in Tet(X2) that enhance tigecycline resistance, demonstrating their critical role in the molecular evolution of Tet(X) towards high-level resistance.

The study identifies the acquisition of various antibiotic resistance genes, including blaCTX-M, qnr, and mcr-1, in Dutch travelers after international travel, highlighting the impact of travel on the gut resistome.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in chicken manure, mushroom residues, and heat-treated chicken manure, highlighting the impact of different organic manures on the soil resistome. Key findings include the enrichment of specific ARGs such as aadE, aadD, qacE1, qacH, lnuA, vatE, and tetL in soils treated with various manures, indicating the potential for ARG transfer through manure application.

The study identifies a novel IncC-IncX3 hybrid plasmid, pNUITM-VK5_mdr, which carries the carbapenemase gene bla(NDM-4), the tigecycline-inactivating enzyme gene tet(X), and the RND efflux pump gene tmexCD3-toprJ3, contributing to high-level resistance against multiple antimicrobials including carbapenems and tigecycline.

The study identifies the first occurrence of tet(X) and mcr-1 in E. coli clinical isolates from Pakistan, highlighting the spread of plasmid-mediated resistance to tigecycline and colistin.

The study identified various AMR genes in chicken microbiomes, including bacitracin resistance genes (bacA, uppP), fluoroquinolone resistance genes (cmeA, cmeB, cmeC, cmeR), and β-lactam resistance gene blaOXA-61. These genes were found in Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcaceae, and Campylobacteriaceae, highlighting the complex resistome dynamics influenced by antibiotic usage.

Solar photo-Fenton treatment effectively removed a wide range of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) including those conferring resistance to sulfonamides, macrolides, tetracyclines, and beta-lactams. The study identified several ARGs such as sul1, sul2, tet(X), erm(F), mph(A), mph(E), msr(E), aadA, aph(3"), aph(6), strA, and blaBKC.

The study identifies tet(X) and tet(A) variants as key mechanisms of tigecycline resistance in Enterobacteriaceae from a pig farm in China, highlighting the role of plasmids and chromosomal elements in resistance dissemination.

This study reports the first identification of the tet(X) gene in Epilithonimonas strains isolated from diseased rainbow trout in Chile, highlighting the potential risk of tetracycline resistance in aquaculture settings.

Danofloxacin treatment altered the gut microbiota diversity and resistome profile in calves, increasing the frequency and host range of several antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) such as aac(6')-Ib, ant9, tet40, tetW, ermF, tetL, and tetX.

The study identified and quantified 13 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in layer manure, layer manure fertilizer, and soil samples from Guangdong Province, highlighting the high prevalence and abundance of these genes, particularly ermB, tetA, and sul2, and their potential environmental impact.

The study examined the impact of antibiotic therapies on the dynamics and composition of resistance genes in the animal gut microbiota, identifying several AMR genes such as blaTEM, tetA, strA, strB, intI1, tetM, mel, floR, mcr-2, oqx B, tetC, tetG, tetO, tetW, tetX, ermB, ermF, sul1, sul2, and others, which were experimentally validated in Escherichia coli.

The study identifies novel tet(X) orthologs, including tet(X45), tet(X46), and tet(X47), which confer resistance to tigecycline and other tetracycline derivatives. It also traces the origins of tet(X) genes to Riemerella anatipestifer and highlights the role of Bacteroidaceae as a reservoir for these genes.

The study identifies the integrative and conjugative element ICE Csp POL2 in the multi-antibiotic-resistant strain Chryseobacterium sp. POL2, which carries several antibiotic resistance genes including those conferring resistance to carbapenems, chloramphenicol, florfenicol, macrolides, tetracycline, and aminoglycosides. The element was found to transfer horizontally to Elizabethkingia species, contributing to the spread of multiple antibiotic resistance genes.

The study identified multiple beta-lactamase genes (bla B, bla CME, bla GOB, and bla OXA), as well as the anti-macrolide gene ere(D), the sulfa-resistant gene sul2, and the anti-tetracycline gene tet(X) in Elizabethkingia anophelis isolates, indicating multidrug resistance.

The study identifies the coexistence of tet(X4), mcr-1, and bla(NDM-5) in ST6775 Escherichia coli isolates from pigeons in China, highlighting the risk of multidrug-resistant pathogens.

The study identified several tetracycline and sulfonamide resistance genes, including tet(A), tet(L), tet(X), sul2, and sul3, in Escherichia coli isolates from the Larut River, highlighting the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in anthropogenically impacted aquatic environments.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the gut microbiome of Bangladeshi children, including bla CTX-M, mph(A), qnrS1, mdf(A), tet(A), sul2, aadA5, tet(X), erm(X), nimE, dfrA17, bla TEM, and ant(6’)-Ia. These genes were associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as third-generation cephalosporins, azithromycin, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, streptomycin, spectinomycin, macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramin B, nitroimidazoles, trimethoprim, penicillins, and aminoglycosides.

The study reports the first detection of a novel chromosomally located metallo-β-lactamase, EBR-like enzyme, in Wautersiella falsenii causing urinary tract infection in Tunisia. It also identified the tetX and aadS genes associated with tetracycline and aminoglycoside resistance, respectively.

The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in metagenomic sequencing data from chronically ill feedlot cattle, including genes conferring resistance to beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, macrolides, phenicols, tetracyclines, and trimethoprim. Notably, tetH was the most frequently detected resistance gene, and several ARGs were found to be associated with integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs).

The paper discusses the resurgence of tetracycline-class antibiotics, highlighting their effectiveness against various bacterial infections, including those resistant to other antibiotics. It identifies key resistance mechanisms such as efflux pumps and ribosomal protection proteins, and emphasizes the importance of these antibiotics in combating multidrug-resistant pathogens.

The study identified ermG as a gene that increased in abundance in the feces of treated pigs compared to those that did not receive post-PRRS antimicrobials, indicating its role in macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B resistance.

The study identifies the plasmid pRCAD0416RA-1 carrying tet(X), bla(OXA-347), and floR genes in Riemerella anatipestifer, which confer resistance to tigecycline, β-lactams, florfenicol, and chloramphenicol.

The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes and mutations in a multidrug-resistant Chryseobacterium indologenes strain, including beta-lactamases, quinolone resistance genes, tetracycline resistance genes, and efflux pumps, contributing to resistance against various antibiotics.

The study identifies the presence of multiple antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in chicken waste, highlighting the risk of environmental contamination and the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria.

The review discusses various mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in bacteria, including resistance genes such as blaCTX-M, ermB, tet(O), vanA, vanB, and aac(6')-Ie-aph(2")-Ia, as well as mutations in gyrA, gyrB, and 23S rRNA associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones, macrolides, and other antibiotics.

The study identified new subgroups of IncP/P-1 and PromA plasmids, including antibiotic resistance genes such as blaIMP-1, blaKPC-2, mcr-1, and various tetracycline and aminoglycoside resistance genes.

The study identifies TetX as a tetracycline resistance gene that enhances bacterial growth in hydrogel under specific shaking frequencies.

The study identifies the presence of various tetracycline resistance genes (TRGs) in doxycycline-resistant E. coli (DRE) strains isolated from swine manure, highlighting the significant risk of tigecycline resistance. The tetX and tet(X4) genes were found to be strongly associated with tigecycline resistance.

The study identified ESBL-producing E. coli in river water in northern Thailand, with bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-55, bla CTX-M-14, and bla CTX-M-27 being the most prevalent beta-lactamase genes. Additionally, mcr-1.1 and mcr-3.4 genes were found to confer resistance to colistin. Various other resistance genes were also characterized, including aac(3)-IId, aadA5, ant(3″)-Ia, aph(3″)-Ib, aph(6)-Id, aac(6′)-Ib-cr, qnrS1, mdf(A), erm(B), mph(A), floR, sul2, sul3, tet(A), tet(X), tet(M), dfrA12, dfrA14, dfrA17, cmlA1, catA2, lnu(F), and erm(42).

The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in manure samples from a swine finishing facility, highlighting the prevalence of resistance to tetracyclines, macrolides, aminoglycosides, and other antibiotics. Key genes included tet(M), lnuA, erm(35), aadS, mphB, dfrG, vga-type ABC-F, lsa-type ABC-F, msr-type ABC-F, optrA, and others, primarily found in Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidota. These genes were associated with resistance mechanisms such as target alteration, antibiotic inactivation, and efflux pumps.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in Riemerella anatipestifer, including OXA-209, erm(F), floR, aadS, tet(X), tet(X4), RanA, RanB, and ErmF, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and tetracyclines.

The study identifies various tetracycline resistance genes (tetC, tetE, tetG, tetM, tetO, tetQ, tetW, tetX), sulfonamide resistance gene (sulI), aminoglycoside resistance genes (ant(2')-Ia, ant(3')-Ia, aph(6')-Id, aph(33')-Ib, aac(6')-Ib), beta-lactam resistance genes (blaGES, blaVEB), chloramphenicol resistance gene (catB3), MLS resistance genes (ereA, ermB), and multidrug resistance genes (acrB, mexB, mexF) in municipal sewage treatment plants, highlighting their association with mobile genetic elements and microbial communities.

The report highlights the presence of carbapenemase-producing E. coli isolates carrying bla OXA-48, bla OXA-181, and bla NDM-5 genes in pigs, bovines, and meat, indicating the need for continued monitoring and follow-up.

The study identified the distribution of tetracycline resistance genes (tetA, tetB, tetC, tetE, tetM, tetO, and tetX) in Escherichia coli isolates from pig slaughterhouses in Banten Province, Indonesia. The tetO gene was the most dominant in floor surface samples, while tetA was dominant in effluent samples.

The study identified multiple drug resistance genes in R. anatipestifer strains, including high prevalence of tetracycline resistance gene tet X (95.9%), macrolide resistance gene ermF (77%), and others. The strains exhibited multidrug resistance, with the highest resistance to gentamicin (77%) and enrofloxacin (73%).

The case report identifies multidrug resistance in Myroides odoratimimus, including beta-lactamase genes bla-OXA-347 and bla-OXA-209, tetracycline resistance gene tetX, and chloramphenicol resistance gene cat.

The study identifies key antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) such as bla NDM, mcr, and tet(X) in Salmonella, highlighting their role in resistance to last-resort antibiotics and their association with mobile genetic elements (MGEs).

The study identified several tetracycline resistance genes, including tetA, tetB, tetC, tetM, tetO, and tetX, in Escherichia coli isolated from pig farm waste in Banten province, Indonesia. tetX and tetO were the most prevalent genes, with high frequencies detected in both solid waste and wastewater samples.

This review discusses the role of flavin-dependent monooxygenases (FMOs) and Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs) in antibiotic resistance, focusing on their mechanisms in modifying antibiotics such as tetracyclines, rifamycins, and sulfonamides. Key genes like TetX, MabTetX, Tet56, RIFMO, SadA, SadB, SulX, and SulR were identified as conferring resistance through enzymatic modifications.

This review discusses the role of flavin-dependent monooxygenases (FMOs) and Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs) in antibiotic resistance, focusing on their mechanisms in modifying antibiotics such as tetracyclines, rifamycins, and sulfonamides. Key genes like TetX, MabTetX, Tet56, RIFMO, SadA, SadB, SulX, and SulR were identified as conferring resistance through enzymatic modifications.

The study identified several AMR genes in R. anatipestifer isolates, including aminoglycoside resistance genes (aph(3′)-VII, aac(3′)-IV, aadA, strA/strB), tetracycline resistance genes (tet(A), tet(B), tet(X)), erythromycin resistance gene (ermF), chloramphenicol resistance gene (cmlA), beta-lactam resistance gene (bla TEM), and sulfonamide resistance gene (sulI).

The study identified numerous antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and metal resistance genes (MRGs) in the metagenomes of Lake Afdera and the Assale salt plain in the Danakil Depression. Key ARGs included beta-lactamases (ACC-1, OXA-58, OXA-363, OXA-212, NDM-17, OXA-134, ACT-29, LRA-19), efflux pumps (emrB, abeM, abeS, mgrA, adeJ, MexC, adeL, adeH), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2), tetracycline resistance genes (tet39, tetX, tetK), and others. MRGs included copper resistance genes (copC, copD), cadmium resistance gene (cadD), mercury resistance gene (merA), chromate resistance genes (chrB, chrA), nickel-cobalt-cadmium resistance genes (nccA, nccB), cobalt-zinc-cadmium resistance gene (czcD), arsenic resistance gene (arsO), lead resistance gene (pbrA), and mercury resistance genes (merB, merR, MIR).

The study identified numerous antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the rumen of goat kids, highlighting the dynamic nature of the resistome influenced by age and diet. Key ARGs included RPOB, GYRA, GYRBA, ROB, MDTF, ACRF, ACRB, MGTA, MLS23S, TUFAB, TET44, TET32, APH2-DPRIME, SAT, BRO, TETQ, ERMF, NIMJ, ACI, MEFA, RRSC, RRSH, CAP16S, TETX, LNUC, TETW, TETO, and TET40, which were associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as drugs, MLS, tetracyclines, and others.

The study identified 10 antibiotic resistance genes in Chryseobacterium arthrosphaerae strain FS91703, including genes conferring resistance to folate pathway inhibitors, penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, phenicols, tetracyclines, and erythromycin. Additionally, two multidrug-resistant efflux pump genes, adeG and farA, were detected.

The paper reviews the molecular mechanisms of tigecycline resistance in Enterobacterales, highlighting the roles of efflux pumps, tet genes, and other resistance mechanisms. It identifies several tigecycline resistance genes, including tet(X), tet(X1), tet(X2), tet(X3), tet(X4), tet(M), tet(A), tet(B), tet(Y), and others, along with their associated resistance profiles.

The paper reviews the molecular mechanisms of tigecycline resistance in Enterobacterales, highlighting the roles of efflux pumps, tet genes, and other resistance mechanisms. It identifies several tigecycline resistance genes, including tet(X), tet(X1), tet(X2), tet(X3), tet(X4), tet(M), tet(A), tet(B), tet(Y), and others, along with their associated resistance profiles.

The study identifies tet(X), tet(A), and tet(O) as key tetracycline resistance genes in Riemerella anatipestifer, demonstrating their role in doxycycline resistance. Chlorogenic acid was found to reduce the expression of these genes and enhance susceptibility to doxycycline.

The study identifies several AMR genes in multidrug-resistant Chryseobacteria, including aadS, blaCGA, blaCGB, blaIND, catB11, ranA, ranB, rosA, and tetX, which confer resistance to various antibiotics. These genes are potentially intrinsic and show high transmissibility among Chryseobacteria and other Bacteroidota species.

The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in the Iskar River downstream of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), including genes conferring resistance to macrolides, tetracyclines, beta-lactams, sulfonamides, and carbapenems. Notably, the carbapenemase genes bla OXA-58 and bla IMP-33-like were detected, which are typically associated with clinical settings.

The study demonstrates that the type I-E CRISPR-Cas3 system can be used to block the transfer of multiple antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN).

The study identifies several AMR genes, including aadA7, aac(6')-II, aac(3)-iid, aadD, tetA, tetM, tetX, and sul2, in Arthrobacter sp. D2, which are involved in resistance to aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, and sulfonamides. These genes were experimentally validated using high-throughput qPCR analysis.

The study found that doxy-PEP use over 6 months significantly increased the proportion and expression of tetracycline resistance genes in the gut microbiome, with no significant changes in other antibiotic resistance gene classes.

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from Riemerella anatipestifer strain CH-1 were shown to transfer antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and plasmids to the sensitive strain RA ATCC11845 through natural transformation, leading to increased resistance to erythromycin, tetracycline, and aztreonam.

This review highlights the pathogenesis, virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance genes of Riemerella anatipestifer, emphasizing its significance in poultry farming and the need for further research on its resistance mechanisms.

The study identified 19 pARG subtypes in soils with different fertilization treatments, highlighting the impact of organic fertilizers on the diversity and abundance of antibiotic resistance genes carried by bacteriophages.

The study identifies distinct multidrug resistance profiles in two dominant strains of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale from Austria and Hungary, highlighting the presence of resistance genes such as ermF, orr, tetX, and tetQ.

The study demonstrates the effectiveness of CapSeq in detecting and genotyping bacterial pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes in bovine respiratory disease (BRD) samples, highlighting the presence of various resistance genes such as bla-TEM, bla-ROB, tetM, tetQ, tetS, tetH, tetX, floR, rrs, and rrl.

The study identifies two canonical antibiotic resistance genes, catA2 and tetX, in the multidrug-resistant Sphingobacterium detergens E70 strain, which confer resistance to chloramphenicol and tetracycline, respectively. Despite having few annotated ARGs, the strain shows high-level resistance to multiple antibiotics, including polymyxin B.

The paper discusses the pharmacokinetics and antibacterial activity of omadacycline, highlighting its effectiveness against various bacterial pathogens and its unique mechanisms of action against drug-resistant strains.

The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in hospital wastewaters across Lebanon, highlighting the prevalence of resistance to beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, and glycopeptides.