erm(A)
erythromycin resistance methylase
Overview
- Mechanism
- target site modification
- Validation Method
- double-disk diffusion test
- Drug Classes
- erythromycin, clindamycin, azithromycin, spiramycin, macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramin b
- Organisms
- Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, coagulase-negative staphylococci
- Geographic Location
- Europe|North America|Asia, Pennsylvania, San Francisco Bay area|Northern California, Spain
- Alleles
- 3
- Papers
- 8
- Databases
- Reslit
- Mutations
- 1
Mutations
| Protein Change | Nucleotide Change | Mechanism | Organism | Resistance To | Database | Validation Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| - | - | Haemophilus influenzae | azithromycin|clarithromycin | Reslit | Candidate |
| Allele | Database | Papers | Drug Classes | Organisms | Countries | Years | Sequence Accession | Protein Accession |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| erm | Reslit | 1 | erythromycin, clindamycin | Streptococcus pyogenes | San Francisco Bay area|Northern California | 1999 | - | - |
| ErmA | Reslit | 4 | erythromycin, azithromycin +5 | Enterococcus faecium +4 | Spain, Europe|North America|Asia | 2000, 2003, 2005, 2023 | AJ243209 | - |
| Erm(A) | Reslit | 2 | macrolides, erythromycin | Streptococcus pyogenes +1 | Pennsylvania | 2002, 2004 | NCBI:NC_002976 | - |
Characterization of antimicrobial resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from the San Francisco Bay area of northern California.
The study identifies the presence of erm genes in erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes isolates, which confer resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin through target site modification.
Gene Information
- Gene Name
- erm(A)
- Allele
- erm
- Encodes
- erythromycin resistance methylase
- Source Database
- Reslit
- Mechanism
- target site modification
- Confers Resistance To
- erythromycinclindamycin
- Organisms Tested In
- • Streptococcus pyogenes
- Geographic Location
- San Francisco Bay area|Northern California
- Validation Method
- double-disk diffusion test
Macrolide Resistance Genes in Enterococcus spp.
The study identified the presence of ermB and ermA genes in various Enterococcus species, which confer resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramins. Additionally, a novel gene, msrC, was discovered in Enterococcus faecium, which is proposed to encode a putative ABC transporter involved in macrolide resistance.
Gene Information
- Gene Name
- erm(A)
- Allele
- ErmA
- Encodes
- erythromycin ribosomal methylase
- Source Database
- Reslit
- Confers Resistance To
- erythromycinazithromycinspiramycin
- Organisms Tested In
- • Enterococcus faecium
- Geographic Location
- Spain
- Validation Method
- PCR amplification and sequencing
- Sequence Accession
- AJ243209
Antimicrobial Resistance Mechanisms and Molecular Detection Techniques
The paper discusses molecular detection methods for antimicrobial resistance, focusing on genes like mecA and blaZ, which confer resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in staphylococci.
Gene Information
- Gene Name
- erm(A)
- Allele
- ErmA
- Encodes
- erythromycin ribosome methylase
- Source Database
- Reslit
- Confers Resistance To
- macrolideslincosamidesstreptogramin b
- Organisms Tested In
- • Staphylococcus aureus• Streptococcus pneumoniae• Streptococcus pyogenes
- Geographic Location
- Europe|North America|Asia
- Validation Method
- PCR and sequencing
Antistreptococcal activity of telithromycin compared with seven other drugs in relation to macrolide resistance mechanisms in Russia.
Gene Information
- Gene Name
- erm(A)
- Allele
- Erm(A)
- Encodes
- ribosomal methylase
- Source Database
- Reslit
- Mechanism
- ribosomal methylation
- Confers Resistance To
- macrolides
- Organisms Tested In
- • Streptococcus pyogenes
- Validation Method
- PCR and sequencing
Practical disk diffusion method for detection of inducible clindamycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci.
The study identifies and characterizes the genes ermA, ermC, and msrA responsible for inducible and constitutive clindamycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci using PCR and disk diffusion testing.
Gene Information
- Gene Name
- erm(A)
- Allele
- ErmA
- Encodes
- ribosomal methylase
- Source Database
- Reslit
- Mechanism
- methylation of 23S rRNA
- Confers Resistance To
- macrolideslincosamidesstreptogramin b
- Organisms Tested In
- • Staphylococcus aureus• coagulase-negative staphylococci
- Validation Method
- PCR and disk diffusion testing
Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate from a patient in Pennsylvania.
The study reports the second VRSA isolate in the United States, which contains the vanA gene responsible for vancomycin resistance and other resistance genes such as mecA, erm(A), and aac(6')-aph(2").
Gene Information
- Gene Name
- erm(A)
- Allele
- Erm(A)
- Encodes
- erythromycin resistance determinant
- Source Database
- Reslit
- Confers Resistance To
- erythromycin
- Organisms Tested In
- • Staphylococcus aureus
- Geographic Location
- Pennsylvania
- Validation Method
- PCR and DNA sequence analysis
- Sequence Accession
- NCBI:NC_002976
Testing for induction of clindamycin resistance in erythromycin-resistant isolates of Staphylococcus aureus.
The study identifies ermA, ermC, and msrA as genes responsible for clindamycin resistance in erythromycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates, with distinct phenotypes observed in disk diffusion testing.
Gene Information
- Gene Name
- erm(A)
- Allele
- ErmA
- Encodes
- ribosomal RNA methylase
- Source Database
- Reslit
- Confers Resistance To
- erythromycinclindamycin
- Organisms Tested In
- • Staphylococcus aureus
- Validation Method
- PCR and disk diffusion testing
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