Key Findings

The study identifies three point mutations in penA (T147A, D240G, V261I) that confer resistance to β-lactam antibiotics in B. pseudomallei strain Bp1651. Additionally, mutations in folA (I99L and A145T) are linked to trimethoprim resistance. The amrB and amrR genes show deletions that result in a nonfunctional efflux pump and constitutive expression, respectively.