parC
Overview
- Drug Classes
- Ciprofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin|clinafloxacin, levofloxacin, norfloxacin|ciprofloxacin|sparfloxacin|ofloxacin, clinafloxacin|ciprofloxacin|trovafloxacin, nalidixic acid, Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin, Unknown, ciprofloxacin|ofloxacin|nalidixic acid, fluoroquinolones, gemifloxacin|trovafloxacin|sparfloxacin|ciprofloxacin, ciprofloxacin|garenoxacin|sparfloxacin|trovafloxacin, ciprofloxacin|norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin|levofloxacin|moxifloxacin, ciprofloxacin|levofloxacin|moxifloxacin|gatifloxacin|gemifloxacin|garenoxacin|norfloxacin, levofloxacin|ciprofloxacin, ciprofloxacin|gatifloxacin|levofloxacin|ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin|nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin|levofloxacin|gatifloxacin, quinolones, moxifloxacin|levofloxacin|gemifloxacin, ciprofloxacin|levofloxacin, Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin|ciprofloxacin
- Organisms
- Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Streptococcus pneumoniae +18 more
- Papers
- 65
- Mutations
- 212
| Nucleotide Change | Protein Change | Type | Effect on Function | Resistance To | Year | Paper | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| - | S80I | - | - | Ciprofloxacin | 2012 | High prevalence of acquired quinolone-resistance genes among Enterobacteriaceae from Saudi Arabia with CTX-M-15 β-lactamase. PMID: 22633335 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 1999 | Comparative in vitro activities of ciprofloxacin, clinafloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and trovafloxacin against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter cloacae, and Enterobacter aerogenes clinical isolates with alterations in GyrA and ParC proteins. PMID: 10428935 | Not Validated |
| - | S79F | - | - | levofloxacin|clinafloxacin | 2000 | Activities of clinafloxacin, gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, and trovafloxacin against recent clinical isolates of levofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. PMID: 11036007 | Not Validated |
| - | K137N | - | - | levofloxacin | 2003 | Cefotaxime Acts Synergistically with Levofloxacin in Experimental Meningitis Due to Penicillin-Resistant Pneumococci and Prevents Selection of Levofloxacin-Resistant Mutants In Vitro. PMID: 12878509 | Not Validated |
| - | S79F | - | - | levofloxacin | 2003 | Antimicrobial susceptibility breakpoints and first-step parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae: redefining fluoroquinolone resistance. PMID: 12890324 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 1999 | Comparative in vitro activities of ciprofloxacin, clinafloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and trovafloxacin against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter cloacae, and Enterobacter aerogenes clinical isolates with alterations in GyrA and ParC proteins. PMID: 10428935 | Not Validated |
| - | S79Y | - | - | levofloxacin|clinafloxacin | 2000 | Activities of clinafloxacin, gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, and trovafloxacin against recent clinical isolates of levofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. PMID: 11036007 | Not Validated |
| - | S85L | - | - | norfloxacin|ciprofloxacin|sparfloxacin|ofloxacin | 2002 | Role of active efflux in association with target gene mutations in fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Vibrio cholerae. PMID: 12121955 | Not Validated |
| - | S79F | - | - | levofloxacin | 2003 | Genetic relatedness of levofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from North America. PMID: 12791865 | Not Validated |
| - | K137N | - | - | levofloxacin | 2003 | Cefotaxime Acts Synergistically with Levofloxacin in Experimental Meningitis Due to Penicillin-Resistant Pneumococci and Prevents Selection of Levofloxacin-Resistant Mutants In Vitro. PMID: 12878509 | Not Validated |
| - | S80R | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 1999 | Comparative in vitro activities of ciprofloxacin, clinafloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and trovafloxacin against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter cloacae, and Enterobacter aerogenes clinical isolates with alterations in GyrA and ParC proteins. PMID: 10428935 | Not Validated |
| - | S79Y | - | - | levofloxacin | 2003 | Genetic relatedness of levofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from North America. PMID: 12791865 | Not Validated |
| - | D83Y | - | - | levofloxacin | 2003 | Cefotaxime Acts Synergistically with Levofloxacin in Experimental Meningitis Due to Penicillin-Resistant Pneumococci and Prevents Selection of Levofloxacin-Resistant Mutants In Vitro. PMID: 12878509 | Not Validated |
| - | S80P | - | - | levofloxacin | 2003 | Genetic relatedness of levofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from North America. PMID: 12791865 | Not Validated |
| - | D83Y | - | - | levofloxacin | 2003 | Cefotaxime Acts Synergistically with Levofloxacin in Experimental Meningitis Due to Penicillin-Resistant Pneumococci and Prevents Selection of Levofloxacin-Resistant Mutants In Vitro. PMID: 12878509 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 1999 | Comparative in vitro activities of ciprofloxacin, clinafloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and trovafloxacin against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter cloacae, and Enterobacter aerogenes clinical isolates with alterations in GyrA and ParC proteins. PMID: 10428935 | Not Validated |
| - | S79Y | - | - | clinafloxacin|ciprofloxacin|trovafloxacin | 2000 | In vitro selection of resistance to clinafloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and trovafloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae. PMID: 10991854 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | nalidixic acid | 2001 | Susceptibility patterns of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli associated with traveller's diarrhoea: emergence of quinolone resistance. PMID: 11699598 | Not Validated |
| - | S79Y | - | - | levofloxacin | 2003 | Cefotaxime Acts Synergistically with Levofloxacin in Experimental Meningitis Due to Penicillin-Resistant Pneumococci and Prevents Selection of Levofloxacin-Resistant Mutants In Vitro. PMID: 12878509 | Not Validated |
| - | D83Y | - | - | levofloxacin | 2003 | Genetic relatedness of levofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from North America. PMID: 12791865 | Not Validated |
| - | E84A | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2003 | Mutations in gyrA and parC genes in nalidixic acid-resistant Escherichia coli strains from food products, humans and animals. PMID: 12654733 | Not Validated |
| - | E84R | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2003 | Mutations in gyrA and parC genes in nalidixic acid-resistant Escherichia coli strains from food products, humans and animals. PMID: 12654733 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2015 | Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp. PMID: 25631675 | Not Validated |
| - | E84G | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2010 | High percentage of resistance to ciprofloxacin and qnrB19 gene identified in urinary isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Madrid, Spain. PMID: 20638608 | Not Validated |
| - | E84K | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2003 | Mutations in gyrA and parC genes in nalidixic acid-resistant Escherichia coli strains from food products, humans and animals. PMID: 12654733 | Not Validated |
| - | E84A | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2010 | High percentage of resistance to ciprofloxacin and qnrB19 gene identified in urinary isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Madrid, Spain. PMID: 20638608 | Not Validated |
| - | E84R | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2010 | High percentage of resistance to ciprofloxacin and qnrB19 gene identified in urinary isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Madrid, Spain. PMID: 20638608 | Not Validated |
| - | A108T | - | Target modification | Unknown | 2002 | Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli isolates obtained from healthy children in Spain. PMID: 12523629 | Not Validated |
| - | E84K | - | - | Ciprofloxacin | 2012 | High prevalence of acquired quinolone-resistance genes among Enterobacteriaceae from Saudi Arabia with CTX-M-15 β-lactamase. PMID: 22633335 | Not Validated |
| - | S85F | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 1999 | Sequence analysis of the gyrA and parC homologues of a wild-type strain of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and its fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants. PMID: 10223929 | Not Validated |
| - | D87N | - | - | ciprofloxacin|ofloxacin|nalidixic acid | 2001 | Emergence of reduced susceptibility and resistance to fluoroquinolones in Escherichia coli in Taiwan and contributions of distinct selective pressures. PMID: 11600360 | Not Validated |
| - | S79Y | - | - | levofloxacin | 2003 | Cefotaxime Acts Synergistically with Levofloxacin in Experimental Meningitis Due to Penicillin-Resistant Pneumococci and Prevents Selection of Levofloxacin-Resistant Mutants In Vitro. PMID: 12878509 | Not Validated |
| - | E84K | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2004 | Ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica Typhimurium and Choleraesuis from pigs to humans, Taiwan. PMID: 15078598 | Not Validated |
| - | S80R | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2003 | Fluoroquinolone resistance linked to GyrA, GyrB, and ParC mutations in Salmonella enterica typhimurium isolates in humans. PMID: 14718091 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2004 | Ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica Typhimurium and Choleraesuis from pigs to humans, Taiwan. PMID: 15078598 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2004 | Ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica Typhimurium and Choleraesuis from pigs to humans, Taiwan. PMID: 15078598 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2004 | Fluoroquinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica serotype Choleraesuis, Taiwan, 2000-2003. PMID: 15498176 | Not Validated |
| - | S87L | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2003 | Ciprofloxacin susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from keratitis. PMID: 14507757 | Not Validated |
| - | E84K | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2003 | Fluoroquinolone resistance linked to GyrA, GyrB, and ParC mutations in Salmonella enterica typhimurium isolates in humans. PMID: 14718091 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2004 | Quinolone resistance among Escherichia coli strains from community-acquired urinary tract infections in Greece. PMID: 14706091 | Not Validated |
| - | E84K | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2004 | Ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica Typhimurium and Choleraesuis from pigs to humans, Taiwan. PMID: 15078598 | Not Validated |
| - | D86G | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2004 | Use of applied biosystems 7900HT sequence detection system and Taqman assay for detection of quinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae. PMID: 15243093 | Not Validated |
| - | S79Y | - | - | gemifloxacin|trovafloxacin|sparfloxacin|ciprofloxacin | 2005 | Activity of gemifloxacin against quinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae strains in vitro and in a mouse pneumonia model. PMID: 15728901 | Not Validated |
| - | D87S | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2004 | Use of applied biosystems 7900HT sequence detection system and Taqman assay for detection of quinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae. PMID: 15243093 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2004 | Emergence and spread of three clonally related virulent isolates of CTX-M-15-producing Escherichia coli with variable resistance to aminoglycosides and tetracycline in a French geriatric hospital. PMID: 15388428 | Not Validated |
| - | S79Y | - | - | ciprofloxacin|garenoxacin|sparfloxacin|trovafloxacin | 2004 | Activities of garenoxacin against quinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae strains in vitro and in a mouse pneumonia model. PMID: 14982762 | Not Validated |
| - | D88S | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2004 | Use of applied biosystems 7900HT sequence detection system and Taqman assay for detection of quinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae. PMID: 15243093 | Not Validated |
| - | E84V | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2004 | Emergence and spread of three clonally related virulent isolates of CTX-M-15-producing Escherichia coli with variable resistance to aminoglycosides and tetracycline in a French geriatric hospital. PMID: 15388428 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin|norfloxacin | 2004 | An unusually high level of quinolone resistance associated with type II topoisomerase mutations in quinolone resistance-determining regions of Aeromonas caviae isolated from diarrhoeal patients. PMID: 15567276 | Not Validated |
| - | S80R | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2004 | Ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica Typhimurium and Choleraesuis from pigs to humans, Taiwan. PMID: 15078598 | Not Validated |
| - | S79F | - | - | ciprofloxacin|levofloxacin|moxifloxacin | 2004 | Mutant prevention concentrations for single-step fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants of wild-type, efflux-positive, or ParC or GyrA mutation-containing Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates. PMID: 15388458 | Not Validated |
| - | S79F | - | - | ciprofloxacin|garenoxacin|sparfloxacin|trovafloxacin | 2004 | Activities of garenoxacin against quinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae strains in vitro and in a mouse pneumonia model. PMID: 14982762 | Not Validated |
| - | S80R | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2004 | Ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica Typhimurium and Choleraesuis from pigs to humans, Taiwan. PMID: 15078598 | Not Validated |
| - | S79L | - | - | ciprofloxacin|levofloxacin|moxifloxacin|gatifloxacin|gemifloxacin|garenoxacin|norfloxacin | 2005 | Novel Ser79Leu and Ser81Ile Substitutions in the Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions of ParC Topoisomerase IV and GyrA DNA Gyrase Subunits from Recent Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Clinical Isolates. PMID: 15917550 | Not Validated |
| - | S80L | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2006 | Genetic analysis of a multiresistant strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa producing PER-1 beta-lactamase. PMID: 16451415 | Not Validated |
| - | S81F | - | - | levofloxacin|ciprofloxacin | 2007 | In vitro infection model characterizing the effect of efflux pump inhibition on prevention of resistance to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae. PMID: 17846144 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2007 | Human Salmonella and concurrent decreased susceptibility to quinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins. PMID: 18217551 | Not Validated |
| - | E91K | - | - | ciprofloxacin|gatifloxacin|levofloxacin|ofloxacin | 2005 | Cultivation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in liquid media and determination of its in vitro susceptibilities to quinolones. PMID: 16145072 | Not Validated |
| - | D78A | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2003 | Horizontal transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae PMID: 16189113 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2007 | Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials. PMID: 17043131 | Not Validated |
| - | S80L | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2005 | Cephalosporin and ciprofloxacin resistance in Salmonella, Taiwan. PMID: 15963294 | Not Validated |
| - | D78N | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2003 | Horizontal transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae PMID: 16189113 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2006 | High-level ciprofloxacin resistance from point mutations in gyrA and parC confined to global hospital-adapted clonal lineage CC17 of Enterococcus faecium. PMID: 16517894 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2007 | Human Salmonella and concurrent decreased susceptibility to quinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins. PMID: 18217551 | Not Validated |
| - | S79F | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2003 | Horizontal transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae PMID: 16189113 | Not Validated |
| - | S80R | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2006 | High-level ciprofloxacin resistance from point mutations in gyrA and parC confined to global hospital-adapted clonal lineage CC17 of Enterococcus faecium. PMID: 16517894 | Not Validated |
| - | T57S | - | - | ciprofloxacin|nalidixic acid | 2006 | Fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella sp. in carcasses. PMID: 17080579 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2007 | Human Salmonella and concurrent decreased susceptibility to quinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins. PMID: 18217551 | Not Validated |
| - | S80F | - | - | ciprofloxacin|levofloxacin|gatifloxacin | 2008 | In vitro evaluation of CBR-2092, a novel rifamycin-quinolone hybrid antibiotic: studies of the mode of action in Staphylococcus aureus. PMID: 18443108 | Not Validated |
| - | S87L | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2007 | Outbreaks of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in community hospitals in Japan. PMID: 17122009 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2007 | Human Salmonella and concurrent decreased susceptibility to quinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins. PMID: 18217551 | Not Validated |
| - | D86N | - | - | ciprofloxacin|gatifloxacin|levofloxacin|ofloxacin | 2005 | Cultivation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in liquid media and determination of its in vitro susceptibilities to quinolones. PMID: 16145072 | Not Validated |
| - | S80L | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2006 | Genetic analysis of a multiresistant strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa producing PER-1 beta-lactamase. PMID: 16451415 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2007 | Human Salmonella and concurrent decreased susceptibility to quinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins. PMID: 18217551 | Not Validated |
| - | S79Y | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2003 | Horizontal transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae PMID: 16189113 | Not Validated |
| - | E84K | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2006 | High-level ciprofloxacin resistance from point mutations in gyrA and parC confined to global hospital-adapted clonal lineage CC17 of Enterococcus faecium. PMID: 16517894 | Not Validated |
| - | S80R | - | - | ciprofloxacin|nalidixic acid | 2006 | Fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella sp. in carcasses. PMID: 17080579 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2007 | Human Salmonella and concurrent decreased susceptibility to quinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins. PMID: 18217551 | Not Validated |
| - | H103Y | - | - | ciprofloxacin|levofloxacin|gatifloxacin | 2008 | In vitro evaluation of CBR-2092, a novel rifamycin-quinolone hybrid antibiotic: studies of the mode of action in Staphylococcus aureus. PMID: 18443108 | Not Validated |
| - | D83Y | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2003 | Horizontal transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae PMID: 16189113 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2007 | Human Salmonella and concurrent decreased susceptibility to quinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins. PMID: 18217551 | Not Validated |
| - | S80R | - | - | ciprofloxacin|nalidixic acid | 2005 | Characterization of isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium displaying high-level fluoroquinolone resistance in Japan. PMID: 16207965 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2007 | Human Salmonella and concurrent decreased susceptibility to quinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins. PMID: 18217551 | Not Validated |
| - | T462A | - | - | levofloxacin | 2007 | Impact of resistance selection and mutant growth fitness on the relative efficacies of streptomycin and levofloxacin for plague therapy. PMID: 17517837 | Not Validated |
| - | S79Y | - | - | levofloxacin|ciprofloxacin | 2007 | In vitro infection model characterizing the effect of efflux pump inhibition on prevention of resistance to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae. PMID: 17846144 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2007 | Human Salmonella and concurrent decreased susceptibility to quinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins. PMID: 18217551 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2008 | Antimalarial therapy selection for quinolone resistance among Escherichia coli in the absence of quinolone exposure, in tropical South America. PMID: 18648533 | Not Validated |
| - | D87N | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2008 | Antimalarial therapy selection for quinolone resistance among Escherichia coli in the absence of quinolone exposure, in tropical South America. PMID: 18648533 | Not Validated |
| - | D87Y | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2008 | Antimalarial therapy selection for quinolone resistance among Escherichia coli in the absence of quinolone exposure, in tropical South America. PMID: 18648533 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2008 | Insights into the Environmental Resistance Gene Pool from the Genome Sequence of the Multidrug-Resistant Environmental Isolate Escherichia coli SMS-3-5 PMID: 18708504 | Not Validated |
| - | E84G | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2008 | Insights into the Environmental Resistance Gene Pool from the Genome Sequence of the Multidrug-Resistant Environmental Isolate Escherichia coli SMS-3-5 PMID: 18708504 | Not Validated |
| - | E84G | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2008 | Antimalarial therapy selection for quinolone resistance among Escherichia coli in the absence of quinolone exposure, in tropical South America. PMID: 18648533 | Not Validated |
| - | S80L | - | - | quinolones | 2008 | Insights into the Environmental Resistance Gene Pool from the Genome Sequence of the Multidrug-Resistant Environmental Isolate Escherichia coli SMS-3-5 PMID: 18708504 | Not Validated |
| - | S80R | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2009 | Analysis of ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella strains from swine, chicken, and their carcasses in Taiwan and detection of parC resistance mutations by a mismatch amplification mutation assay PCR. PMID: 19205458 | Not Validated |
| - | S79Y | - | - | moxifloxacin|levofloxacin|gemifloxacin | 2010 | Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci. PMID: 20008781 | Not Validated |
| - | E84V | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2008 | Antimalarial therapy selection for quinolone resistance among Escherichia coli in the absence of quinolone exposure, in tropical South America. PMID: 18648533 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2009 | Analysis of ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella strains from swine, chicken, and their carcasses in Taiwan and detection of parC resistance mutations by a mismatch amplification mutation assay PCR. PMID: 19205458 | Not Validated |
| - | D83N | - | - | moxifloxacin|levofloxacin|gemifloxacin | 2010 | Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci. PMID: 20008781 | Not Validated |
| - | L416F | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2008 | Antimalarial therapy selection for quinolone resistance among Escherichia coli in the absence of quinolone exposure, in tropical South America. PMID: 18648533 | Not Validated |
| - | E84K | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2009 | Analysis of ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella strains from swine, chicken, and their carcasses in Taiwan and detection of parC resistance mutations by a mismatch amplification mutation assay PCR. PMID: 19205458 | Not Validated |
| - | K137N | - | - | moxifloxacin|levofloxacin|gemifloxacin | 2010 | Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci. PMID: 20008781 | Not Validated |
| - | S80L | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2008 | Phenotypic and molecular characterization of Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates from nosocomial outbreaks in Los Angeles County, California. PMID: 18524965 | Not Validated |
| - | S458A | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2008 | Antimalarial therapy selection for quinolone resistance among Escherichia coli in the absence of quinolone exposure, in tropical South America. PMID: 18648533 | Not Validated |
| - | S80F | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2010 | Bactericidal activity of besifloxacin against staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. PMID: 20435780 | Not Validated |
| - | E84K | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2008 | Phenotypic and molecular characterization of Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates from nosocomial outbreaks in Los Angeles County, California. PMID: 18524965 | Not Validated |
| - | S458T | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2008 | Antimalarial therapy selection for quinolone resistance among Escherichia coli in the absence of quinolone exposure, in tropical South America. PMID: 18648533 | Not Validated |
| - | S80L | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2008 | Genetic basis of multidrug resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates at a tertiary medical center in Pennsylvania. PMID: 18725452 | Not Validated |
| - | S80L | - | - | ciprofloxacin|levofloxacin | 2008 | Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City. PMID: 18591275 | Not Validated |
| - | S85L | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2009 | Spontaneous quinolone resistance in the zoonotic serovar of Vibrio vulnificus. PMID: 19218407 | Not Validated |
| - | S79F | - | - | moxifloxacin|levofloxacin|gemifloxacin | 2010 | Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci. PMID: 20008781 | Not Validated |
| - | S80L | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2010 | Molecular Diagnostic Technologies in Clinical Microbiology PMID: 19377839 | Not Validated |
| - | S80F | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2010 | Bactericidal activity of besifloxacin against staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. PMID: 20435780 | Not Validated |
| - | S80F | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2010 | Bactericidal activity of besifloxacin against staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. PMID: 20435780 | Not Validated |
| - | S80F | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2010 | Bactericidal activity of besifloxacin against staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. PMID: 20435780 | Not Validated |
| - | S79Y | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2010 | In vitro antibacterial activities of JNJ-Q2, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone. PMID: 20176911 | Not Validated |
| - | S79Y | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2010 | Bactericidal activity of besifloxacin against staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. PMID: 20435780 | Not Validated |
| - | I143V | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2010 | In vitro antibacterial activities of JNJ-Q2, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone. PMID: 20176911 | Not Validated |
| - | S80Y | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2010 | Bactericidal activity of besifloxacin against staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. PMID: 20435780 | Not Validated |
| - | S80Y | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2010 | Bactericidal activity of besifloxacin against staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. PMID: 20435780 | Not Validated |
| - | S80Y | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2010 | Bactericidal activity of besifloxacin against staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. PMID: 20435780 | Not Validated |
| - | S80Y | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2010 | Bactericidal activity of besifloxacin against staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. PMID: 20435780 | Not Validated |
| - | S80L | - | - | levofloxacin | 2010 | The prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance mechanisms in colonizing Escherichia coli isolates recovered from hospitalized patients. PMID: 20597679 | Not Validated |
| - | D84G | - | - | levofloxacin | 2010 | The prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance mechanisms in colonizing Escherichia coli isolates recovered from hospitalized patients. PMID: 20597679 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin | 2002 | Activity of quinolones against gram-positive cocci: mechanisms of drug action and bacterial resistance. PMID: 12373497 | Not Validated |
| - | E84K | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin | 1998 | Alterations in the GyrA subunit of DNA gyrase and the ParC subunit of DNA topoisomerase IV associated with quinolone resistance in Enterococcus faecalis. PMID: 9527801 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin | 2002 | Activity of quinolones against gram-positive cocci: mechanisms of drug action and bacterial resistance. PMID: 12373497 | Not Validated |
| - | E84K | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin | 1998 | Alterations in the GyrA subunit of DNA gyrase and the ParC subunit of DNA topoisomerase IV associated with quinolone resistance in Enterococcus faecalis. PMID: 9527801 | Not Validated |
| - | E84K | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin | 2002 | Activity of quinolones against gram-positive cocci: mechanisms of drug action and bacterial resistance. PMID: 12373497 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin | 1975 | Surgical treatment for anomalous origin of left coronary artery from pulmonary artery. PMID: 123735 | Not Validated |
| - | E84T | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin | 2002 | Activity of quinolones against gram-positive cocci: mechanisms of drug action and bacterial resistance. PMID: 12373497 | Not Validated |
| - | E84A | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin | 2002 | Activity of quinolones against gram-positive cocci: mechanisms of drug action and bacterial resistance. PMID: 12373497 | Not Validated |
| - | E84T | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin | 1998 | Alterations in the GyrA subunit of DNA gyrase and the ParC subunit of DNA topoisomerase IV associated with quinolone resistance in Enterococcus faecalis. PMID: 9527801 | Not Validated |
| - | S80R | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin | 2002 | Activity of quinolones against gram-positive cocci: mechanisms of drug action and bacterial resistance. PMID: 12373497 | Not Validated |
| - | E84K | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin | 2002 | Activity of quinolones against gram-positive cocci: mechanisms of drug action and bacterial resistance. PMID: 12373497 | Not Validated |
| - | E84T | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin | 1998 | Alterations in the GyrA subunit of DNA gyrase and the ParC subunit of DNA topoisomerase IV associated with quinolone resistance in Enterococcus faecalis. PMID: 9527801 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin | 1975 | Surgical treatment for anomalous origin of left coronary artery from pulmonary artery. PMID: 123735 | Not Validated |
| - | E84A | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin | 1998 | Alterations in the GyrA subunit of DNA gyrase and the ParC subunit of DNA topoisomerase IV associated with quinolone resistance in Enterococcus faecalis. PMID: 9527801 | Not Validated |
| - | E84T | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin | 2002 | Activity of quinolones against gram-positive cocci: mechanisms of drug action and bacterial resistance. PMID: 12373497 | Not Validated |
| - | S80R | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin | 1975 | Surgical treatment for anomalous origin of left coronary artery from pulmonary artery. PMID: 123735 | Not Validated |
| - | S80R | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin | 1975 | Surgical treatment for anomalous origin of left coronary artery from pulmonary artery. PMID: 123735 | Not Validated |
| - | S80R | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 1996 | Quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase IV parC gene. PMID: 8851598 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 1996 | Quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase IV parC gene. PMID: 8851598 | Not Validated |
| - | S80R | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin | 2002 | Activity of quinolones against gram-positive cocci: mechanisms of drug action and bacterial resistance. PMID: 12373497 | Not Validated |
| - | E84A | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin | 2002 | Activity of quinolones against gram-positive cocci: mechanisms of drug action and bacterial resistance. PMID: 12373497 | Not Validated |
| - | E84A | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin | 1998 | Alterations in the GyrA subunit of DNA gyrase and the ParC subunit of DNA topoisomerase IV associated with quinolone resistance in Enterococcus faecalis. PMID: 9527801 | Not Validated |
| - | S57T | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2003 | Patterns of mutations in target genes in septicemia isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with resistance or reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. PMID: 14510643 | Not Validated |
| - | F60K | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2008 | Prevalence of quinolone resistance mechanisms and associations to minimum inhibitory concentrations in quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from humans and swine in Denmark. PMID: 18500921 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 1996 | Quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase IV parC gene. PMID: 8851598 | Not Validated |
| - | S80L | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2015 | Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp. PMID: 25631675 | Not Validated |
| - | S80L | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2015 | Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp. PMID: 25631675 | Not Validated |
| - | F60I | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2008 | Prevalence of quinolone resistance mechanisms and associations to minimum inhibitory concentrations in quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from humans and swine in Denmark. PMID: 18500921 | Not Validated |
| - | S80R | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2015 | Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp. PMID: 25631675 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2015 | Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp. PMID: 25631675 | Not Validated |
| - | S80L | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | - | Not Validated | |
| - | E84V | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2010 | High percentage of resistance to ciprofloxacin and qnrB19 gene identified in urinary isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Madrid, Spain. PMID: 20638608 | Not Validated |
| - | E84A | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2010 | High percentage of resistance to ciprofloxacin and qnrB19 gene identified in urinary isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Madrid, Spain. PMID: 20638608 | Not Validated |
| - | F60I | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 1991 | 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation in B lymphocytes: potential role in immunosuppression. PMID: 1850092 | Not Validated |
| - | S80W | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 1996 | Quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase IV parC gene. PMID: 8851598 | Not Validated |
| - | S80L | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 1995 | Topoisomerase IV is a target of quinolones in Escherichia coli. PMID: 8524852 | Not Validated |
| - | E84G | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2003 | Mutations in gyrA and parC genes in nalidixic acid-resistant Escherichia coli strains from food products, humans and animals. PMID: 12654733 | Not Validated |
| - | E84K | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 1995 | Topoisomerase IV is a target of quinolones in Escherichia coli. PMID: 8524852 | Not Validated |
| - | E84V | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2010 | High percentage of resistance to ciprofloxacin and qnrB19 gene identified in urinary isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Madrid, Spain. PMID: 20638608 | Not Validated |
| - | E84R | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2003 | Mutations in gyrA and parC genes in nalidixic acid-resistant Escherichia coli strains from food products, humans and animals. PMID: 12654733 | Not Validated |
| - | G78D | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2003 | Patterns of mutations in target genes in septicemia isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with resistance or reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. PMID: 14510643 | Not Validated |
| - | S80R | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 1995 | Topoisomerase IV is a target of quinolones in Escherichia coli. PMID: 8524852 | Not Validated |
| - | S80W | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2015 | Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp. PMID: 25631675 | Not Validated |
| - | S80L | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2015 | Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp. PMID: 25631675 | Not Validated |
| - | E84V | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 1995 | Topoisomerase IV is a target of quinolones in Escherichia coli. PMID: 8524852 | Not Validated |
| - | E84A | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 1995 | Topoisomerase IV is a target of quinolones in Escherichia coli. PMID: 8524852 | Not Validated |
| - | A56T | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2003 | Mutations in gyrA and parC genes in nalidixic acid-resistant Escherichia coli strains from food products, humans and animals. PMID: 12654733 | Not Validated |
| - | G78C | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 1996 | Quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase IV parC gene. PMID: 8851598 | Not Validated |
| - | S80R | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2015 | Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp. PMID: 25631675 | Not Validated |
| - | S80W | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 1996 | Quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase IV parC gene. PMID: 8851598 | Not Validated |
| - | E84G | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 1995 | Topoisomerase IV is a target of quinolones in Escherichia coli. PMID: 8524852 | Not Validated |
| - | E84K | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2010 | High percentage of resistance to ciprofloxacin and qnrB19 gene identified in urinary isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Madrid, Spain. PMID: 20638608 | Not Validated |
| - | E84R | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 1995 | Topoisomerase IV is a target of quinolones in Escherichia coli. PMID: 8524852 | Not Validated |
| - | A108T | - | Target modification | Unknown | 1991 | 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation in B lymphocytes: potential role in immunosuppression. PMID: 1850092 | Not Validated |
| - | G78D | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 1996 | Quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase IV parC gene. PMID: 8851598 | Not Validated |
| - | S80R | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | - | Not Validated | |
| - | S80I | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | - | Not Validated | |
| - | S80I | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2015 | Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp. PMID: 25631675 | Not Validated |
| - | S80W | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2015 | Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp. PMID: 25631675 | Not Validated |
| - | E84K | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2003 | Mutations in gyrA and parC genes in nalidixic acid-resistant Escherichia coli strains from food products, humans and animals. PMID: 12654733 | Not Validated |
| - | E84K | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2010 | High percentage of resistance to ciprofloxacin and qnrB19 gene identified in urinary isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Madrid, Spain. PMID: 20638608 | Not Validated |
| - | E84A | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2003 | Mutations in gyrA and parC genes in nalidixic acid-resistant Escherichia coli strains from food products, humans and animals. PMID: 12654733 | Not Validated |
| - | E84R | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2010 | High percentage of resistance to ciprofloxacin and qnrB19 gene identified in urinary isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Madrid, Spain. PMID: 20638608 | Not Validated |
| - | F60K | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 1991 | 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation in B lymphocytes: potential role in immunosuppression. PMID: 1850092 | Not Validated |
| - | S80I | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 1995 | Topoisomerase IV is a target of quinolones in Escherichia coli. PMID: 8524852 | Not Validated |
| - | S80W | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2015 | Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp. PMID: 25631675 | Not Validated |
| - | E84G | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2003 | Mutations in gyrA and parC genes in nalidixic acid-resistant Escherichia coli strains from food products, humans and animals. PMID: 12654733 | Not Validated |
| - | E84V | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2003 | Mutations in gyrA and parC genes in nalidixic acid-resistant Escherichia coli strains from food products, humans and animals. PMID: 12654733 | Not Validated |
| - | A108V | - | Target modification | Unknown | 1991 | 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation in B lymphocytes: potential role in immunosuppression. PMID: 1850092 | Not Validated |
| - | G78C | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2003 | Patterns of mutations in target genes in septicemia isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with resistance or reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. PMID: 14510643 | Not Validated |
| - | S80R | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2015 | Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp. PMID: 25631675 | Not Validated |
| - | S80W | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 1995 | Topoisomerase IV is a target of quinolones in Escherichia coli. PMID: 8524852 | Not Validated |
| - | S80L | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 1996 | Quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase IV parC gene. PMID: 8851598 | Not Validated |
| - | A108V | - | Target modification | Unknown | 2002 | Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli isolates obtained from healthy children in Spain. PMID: 12523629 | Not Validated |
| - | S80R | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 1996 | Quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase IV parC gene. PMID: 8851598 | Not Validated |
| - | S80W | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | - | Not Validated | |
| - | S80L | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 1996 | Quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase IV parC gene. PMID: 8851598 | Not Validated |
| - | E84G | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2010 | High percentage of resistance to ciprofloxacin and qnrB19 gene identified in urinary isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Madrid, Spain. PMID: 20638608 | Not Validated |
| - | E84V | - | Target modification | Nalidixic acid,Ciprofloxacin | 2003 | Mutations in gyrA and parC genes in nalidixic acid-resistant Escherichia coli strains from food products, humans and animals. PMID: 12654733 | Not Validated |
| A240G | - | - | - | ciprofloxacin|norfloxacin | 2009 | Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates. PMID: 18838592 | Not Validated |
| C237T | S79F | - | - | fluoroquinolones | 2008 | In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci. PMID: 17938189 | Not Validated |
| G1373A | - | - | - | ciprofloxacin|norfloxacin | 2009 | Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates. PMID: 18838592 | Not Validated |
| G251A | - | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2004 | Quinolone resistance among Escherichia coli strains from community-acquired urinary tract infections in Greece. PMID: 14706091 | Not Validated |
| G252A | - | - | - | ciprofloxacin|norfloxacin | 2009 | Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates. PMID: 18838592 | Not Validated |
| GAA -> AAG | E84K | - | - | norfloxacin|ciprofloxacin | 2003 | Mutation rate and evolution of fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from patients with urinary tract infections. PMID: 14506034 | Not Validated |
| T1392A | - | - | - | ciprofloxacin|norfloxacin | 2009 | Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates. PMID: 18838592 | Not Validated |
| T80C | Y80S | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2007 | Subtle genetic changes enhance virulence of methicillin resistant and sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. PMID: 17986343 | Not Validated |
| TCA -> ATA | S80I | - | - | norfloxacin|ciprofloxacin | 2003 | Mutation rate and evolution of fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from patients with urinary tract infections. PMID: 14506034 | Not Validated |
| TCC->ATC | - | - | - | ciprofloxacin | 2004 | Quinolone resistance among Escherichia coli strains from community-acquired urinary tract infections in Greece. PMID: 14706091 | Not Validated |
High prevalence of acquired quinolone-resistance genes among Enterobacteriaceae from Saudi Arabia with CTX-M-15 β-lactamase.
PMID 22633335 · 2012Under development. Phenotype should be used with caution.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Comparative in vitro activities of ciprofloxacin, clinafloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and trovafloxacin against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter cloacae, and Enterobacter aerogenes clinical isolates with alterations in GyrA and ParC proteins.
PMID 10428935 · 1999mutations in parC are associated with fluoroquinolone resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Activities of clinafloxacin, gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, and trovafloxacin against recent clinical isolates of levofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.
PMID 11036007 · 2000Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S79F
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Cefotaxime Acts Synergistically with Levofloxacin in Experimental Meningitis Due to Penicillin-Resistant Pneumococci and Prevents Selection of Levofloxacin-Resistant Mutants In Vitro.
PMID 12878509 · 2003Mutations in parC contribute to levofloxacin resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- K137N
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Antimicrobial susceptibility breakpoints and first-step parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae: redefining fluoroquinolone resistance.
PMID 12890324 · 2003Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S79F
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Comparative in vitro activities of ciprofloxacin, clinafloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and trovafloxacin against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter cloacae, and Enterobacter aerogenes clinical isolates with alterations in GyrA and ParC proteins.
PMID 10428935 · 1999mutations in parC are associated with fluoroquinolone resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Activities of clinafloxacin, gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, and trovafloxacin against recent clinical isolates of levofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.
PMID 11036007 · 2000Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S79Y
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Role of active efflux in association with target gene mutations in fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Vibrio cholerae.
PMID 12121955 · 2002Mutation in parC is associated with fluoroquinolone resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S85L
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Genetic relatedness of levofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from North America.
PMID 12791865 · 2003Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S79F
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Cefotaxime Acts Synergistically with Levofloxacin in Experimental Meningitis Due to Penicillin-Resistant Pneumococci and Prevents Selection of Levofloxacin-Resistant Mutants In Vitro.
PMID 12878509 · 2003Mutations in parC contribute to levofloxacin resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- K137N
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Comparative in vitro activities of ciprofloxacin, clinafloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and trovafloxacin against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter cloacae, and Enterobacter aerogenes clinical isolates with alterations in GyrA and ParC proteins.
PMID 10428935 · 1999mutations in parC are associated with fluoroquinolone resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80R
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Genetic relatedness of levofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from North America.
PMID 12791865 · 2003Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S79Y
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Cefotaxime Acts Synergistically with Levofloxacin in Experimental Meningitis Due to Penicillin-Resistant Pneumococci and Prevents Selection of Levofloxacin-Resistant Mutants In Vitro.
PMID 12878509 · 2003Mutations in parC contribute to levofloxacin resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- D83Y
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Genetic relatedness of levofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from North America.
PMID 12791865 · 2003Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80P
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Cefotaxime Acts Synergistically with Levofloxacin in Experimental Meningitis Due to Penicillin-Resistant Pneumococci and Prevents Selection of Levofloxacin-Resistant Mutants In Vitro.
PMID 12878509 · 2003Mutations in parC contribute to levofloxacin resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- D83Y
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Comparative in vitro activities of ciprofloxacin, clinafloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and trovafloxacin against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter cloacae, and Enterobacter aerogenes clinical isolates with alterations in GyrA and ParC proteins.
PMID 10428935 · 1999mutations in parC are associated with fluoroquinolone resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
In vitro selection of resistance to clinafloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and trovafloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
PMID 10991854 · 2000Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S79Y
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Susceptibility patterns of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli associated with traveller's diarrhoea: emergence of quinolone resistance.
PMID 11699598 · 2001Mutations in parC were linked to nalidixic acid resistance.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Cefotaxime Acts Synergistically with Levofloxacin in Experimental Meningitis Due to Penicillin-Resistant Pneumococci and Prevents Selection of Levofloxacin-Resistant Mutants In Vitro.
PMID 12878509 · 2003Mutations in parC contribute to levofloxacin resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S79Y
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Genetic relatedness of levofloxacin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from North America.
PMID 12791865 · 2003Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- D83Y
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Mutations in gyrA and parC genes in nalidixic acid-resistant Escherichia coli strains from food products, humans and animals.
PMID 12654733 · 2003Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84A
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Mutations in gyrA and parC genes in nalidixic acid-resistant Escherichia coli strains from food products, humans and animals.
PMID 12654733 · 2003Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84R
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp.
PMID 25631675 · 2015Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
High percentage of resistance to ciprofloxacin and qnrB19 gene identified in urinary isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Madrid, Spain.
PMID 20638608 · 2010Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84G
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Mutations in gyrA and parC genes in nalidixic acid-resistant Escherichia coli strains from food products, humans and animals.
PMID 12654733 · 2003Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84K
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
High percentage of resistance to ciprofloxacin and qnrB19 gene identified in urinary isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Madrid, Spain.
PMID 20638608 · 2010Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84A
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
High percentage of resistance to ciprofloxacin and qnrB19 gene identified in urinary isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Madrid, Spain.
PMID 20638608 · 2010Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84R
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli isolates obtained from healthy children in Spain.
PMID 12523629 · 2002Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- A108T
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
High prevalence of acquired quinolone-resistance genes among Enterobacteriaceae from Saudi Arabia with CTX-M-15 β-lactamase.
PMID 22633335 · 2012Under development. Phenotype should be used with caution.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84K
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Sequence analysis of the gyrA and parC homologues of a wild-type strain of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and its fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants.
PMID 10223929 · 1999Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S85F
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Emergence of reduced susceptibility and resistance to fluoroquinolones in Escherichia coli in Taiwan and contributions of distinct selective pressures.
PMID 11600360 · 2001Single point mutations in parC are associated with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- D87N
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Cefotaxime Acts Synergistically with Levofloxacin in Experimental Meningitis Due to Penicillin-Resistant Pneumococci and Prevents Selection of Levofloxacin-Resistant Mutants In Vitro.
PMID 12878509 · 2003Mutations in parC contribute to levofloxacin resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S79Y
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica Typhimurium and Choleraesuis from pigs to humans, Taiwan.
PMID 15078598 · 2004Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84K
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Fluoroquinolone resistance linked to GyrA, GyrB, and ParC mutations in Salmonella enterica typhimurium isolates in humans.
PMID 14718091 · 2003Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80R
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica Typhimurium and Choleraesuis from pigs to humans, Taiwan.
PMID 15078598 · 2004Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica Typhimurium and Choleraesuis from pigs to humans, Taiwan.
PMID 15078598 · 2004Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica serotype Choleraesuis, Taiwan, 2000-2003.
PMID 15498176 · 2004Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Ciprofloxacin susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from keratitis.
PMID 14507757 · 2003Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S87L
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Fluoroquinolone resistance linked to GyrA, GyrB, and ParC mutations in Salmonella enterica typhimurium isolates in humans.
PMID 14718091 · 2003Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84K
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Quinolone resistance among Escherichia coli strains from community-acquired urinary tract infections in Greece.
PMID 14706091 · 2004Additional mutation in parC associated with high-level resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica Typhimurium and Choleraesuis from pigs to humans, Taiwan.
PMID 15078598 · 2004Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84K
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Use of applied biosystems 7900HT sequence detection system and Taqman assay for detection of quinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
PMID 15243093 · 2004associated with ciprofloxacin resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- D86G
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Activity of gemifloxacin against quinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae strains in vitro and in a mouse pneumonia model.
PMID 15728901 · 2005Mutations in parC were associated with increased resistance to fluoroquinolones.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S79Y
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Use of applied biosystems 7900HT sequence detection system and Taqman assay for detection of quinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
PMID 15243093 · 2004associated with ciprofloxacin resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- D87S
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Emergence and spread of three clonally related virulent isolates of CTX-M-15-producing Escherichia coli with variable resistance to aminoglycosides and tetracycline in a French geriatric hospital.
PMID 15388428 · 2004Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Activities of garenoxacin against quinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae strains in vitro and in a mouse pneumonia model.
PMID 14982762 · 2004Mutation in parC leads to quinolone resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S79Y
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Use of applied biosystems 7900HT sequence detection system and Taqman assay for detection of quinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
PMID 15243093 · 2004associated with ciprofloxacin resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- D88S
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Emergence and spread of three clonally related virulent isolates of CTX-M-15-producing Escherichia coli with variable resistance to aminoglycosides and tetracycline in a French geriatric hospital.
PMID 15388428 · 2004Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84V
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
An unusually high level of quinolone resistance associated with type II topoisomerase mutations in quinolone resistance-determining regions of Aeromonas caviae isolated from diarrhoeal patients.
PMID 15567276 · 2004Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica Typhimurium and Choleraesuis from pigs to humans, Taiwan.
PMID 15078598 · 2004Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80R
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Mutant prevention concentrations for single-step fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants of wild-type, efflux-positive, or ParC or GyrA mutation-containing Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates.
PMID 15388458 · 2004Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S79F
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Activities of garenoxacin against quinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae strains in vitro and in a mouse pneumonia model.
PMID 14982762 · 2004Mutation in parC leads to quinolone resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S79F
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica Typhimurium and Choleraesuis from pigs to humans, Taiwan.
PMID 15078598 · 2004Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80R
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Novel Ser79Leu and Ser81Ile Substitutions in the Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions of ParC Topoisomerase IV and GyrA DNA Gyrase Subunits from Recent Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Clinical Isolates.
PMID 15917550 · 2005Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S79L
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Genetic analysis of a multiresistant strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa producing PER-1 beta-lactamase.
PMID 16451415 · 2006mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA and parC
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80L
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
In vitro infection model characterizing the effect of efflux pump inhibition on prevention of resistance to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
PMID 17846144 · 2007Mutations in parC contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S81F
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Human Salmonella and concurrent decreased susceptibility to quinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins.
PMID 18217551 · 2007Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Cultivation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in liquid media and determination of its in vitro susceptibilities to quinolones.
PMID 16145072 · 2005Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E91K
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Horizontal transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae
PMID 16189113 · 2003Mutations in parC are associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- D78A
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials.
PMID 17043131 · 2007Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Cephalosporin and ciprofloxacin resistance in Salmonella, Taiwan.
PMID 15963294 · 2005Mutation in parC contributes to ciprofloxacin resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80L
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Horizontal transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae
PMID 16189113 · 2003Mutations in parC are associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- D78N
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
High-level ciprofloxacin resistance from point mutations in gyrA and parC confined to global hospital-adapted clonal lineage CC17 of Enterococcus faecium.
PMID 16517894 · 2006Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Human Salmonella and concurrent decreased susceptibility to quinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins.
PMID 18217551 · 2007Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Horizontal transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae
PMID 16189113 · 2003Mutations in parC are associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S79F
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
High-level ciprofloxacin resistance from point mutations in gyrA and parC confined to global hospital-adapted clonal lineage CC17 of Enterococcus faecium.
PMID 16517894 · 2006Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80R
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella sp. in carcasses.
PMID 17080579 · 2006Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- T57S
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Human Salmonella and concurrent decreased susceptibility to quinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins.
PMID 18217551 · 2007Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
In vitro evaluation of CBR-2092, a novel rifamycin-quinolone hybrid antibiotic: studies of the mode of action in Staphylococcus aureus.
PMID 18443108 · 2008Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80F
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Outbreaks of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in community hospitals in Japan.
PMID 17122009 · 2007associated with fluoroquinolone resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S87L
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Human Salmonella and concurrent decreased susceptibility to quinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins.
PMID 18217551 · 2007Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Cultivation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in liquid media and determination of its in vitro susceptibilities to quinolones.
PMID 16145072 · 2005Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- D86N
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Genetic analysis of a multiresistant strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa producing PER-1 beta-lactamase.
PMID 16451415 · 2006mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA and parC
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80L
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Human Salmonella and concurrent decreased susceptibility to quinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins.
PMID 18217551 · 2007Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Horizontal transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae
PMID 16189113 · 2003Mutations in parC are associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S79Y
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
High-level ciprofloxacin resistance from point mutations in gyrA and parC confined to global hospital-adapted clonal lineage CC17 of Enterococcus faecium.
PMID 16517894 · 2006Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84K
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella sp. in carcasses.
PMID 17080579 · 2006Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80R
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Human Salmonella and concurrent decreased susceptibility to quinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins.
PMID 18217551 · 2007Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
In vitro evaluation of CBR-2092, a novel rifamycin-quinolone hybrid antibiotic: studies of the mode of action in Staphylococcus aureus.
PMID 18443108 · 2008Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- H103Y
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Horizontal transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae
PMID 16189113 · 2003Mutations in parC are associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- D83Y
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Human Salmonella and concurrent decreased susceptibility to quinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins.
PMID 18217551 · 2007Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Characterization of isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium displaying high-level fluoroquinolone resistance in Japan.
PMID 16207965 · 2005Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80R
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Human Salmonella and concurrent decreased susceptibility to quinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins.
PMID 18217551 · 2007Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Impact of resistance selection and mutant growth fitness on the relative efficacies of streptomycin and levofloxacin for plague therapy.
PMID 17517837 · 2007Mutations in parC were associated with reduced susceptibility to levofloxacin.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- T462A
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
In vitro infection model characterizing the effect of efflux pump inhibition on prevention of resistance to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
PMID 17846144 · 2007Mutations in parC contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S79Y
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Human Salmonella and concurrent decreased susceptibility to quinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins.
PMID 18217551 · 2007Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Antimalarial therapy selection for quinolone resistance among Escherichia coli in the absence of quinolone exposure, in tropical South America.
PMID 18648533 · 2008Mutations in gyrA and parC were associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Antimalarial therapy selection for quinolone resistance among Escherichia coli in the absence of quinolone exposure, in tropical South America.
PMID 18648533 · 2008Mutations in gyrA and parC were associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- D87N
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Antimalarial therapy selection for quinolone resistance among Escherichia coli in the absence of quinolone exposure, in tropical South America.
PMID 18648533 · 2008Mutations in gyrA and parC were associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- D87Y
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Insights into the Environmental Resistance Gene Pool from the Genome Sequence of the Multidrug-Resistant Environmental Isolate Escherichia coli SMS-3-5
PMID 18708504 · 2008ParC mutations confer resistance to ciprofloxacin in combination with at least one mutation in gyrA.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Insights into the Environmental Resistance Gene Pool from the Genome Sequence of the Multidrug-Resistant Environmental Isolate Escherichia coli SMS-3-5
PMID 18708504 · 2008ParC mutations confer resistance to ciprofloxacin in combination with at least one mutation in gyrA.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84G
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Antimalarial therapy selection for quinolone resistance among Escherichia coli in the absence of quinolone exposure, in tropical South America.
PMID 18648533 · 2008Mutations in gyrA and parC were associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84G
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Insights into the Environmental Resistance Gene Pool from the Genome Sequence of the Multidrug-Resistant Environmental Isolate Escherichia coli SMS-3-5
PMID 18708504 · 2008ParC mutations confer resistance to ciprofloxacin in combination with at least one mutation in gyrA.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80L
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Analysis of ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella strains from swine, chicken, and their carcasses in Taiwan and detection of parC resistance mutations by a mismatch amplification mutation assay PCR.
PMID 19205458 · 2009Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80R
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
PMID 20008781 · 2010mutations in quinolone resistance-determining region associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S79Y
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Antimalarial therapy selection for quinolone resistance among Escherichia coli in the absence of quinolone exposure, in tropical South America.
PMID 18648533 · 2008Mutations in gyrA and parC were associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84V
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Analysis of ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella strains from swine, chicken, and their carcasses in Taiwan and detection of parC resistance mutations by a mismatch amplification mutation assay PCR.
PMID 19205458 · 2009Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
PMID 20008781 · 2010mutations in quinolone resistance-determining region associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- D83N
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Antimalarial therapy selection for quinolone resistance among Escherichia coli in the absence of quinolone exposure, in tropical South America.
PMID 18648533 · 2008Mutations in gyrA and parC were associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- L416F
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Analysis of ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella strains from swine, chicken, and their carcasses in Taiwan and detection of parC resistance mutations by a mismatch amplification mutation assay PCR.
PMID 19205458 · 2009Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84K
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
PMID 20008781 · 2010mutations in quinolone resistance-determining region associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- K137N
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Phenotypic and molecular characterization of Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates from nosocomial outbreaks in Los Angeles County, California.
PMID 18524965 · 2008Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80L
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Antimalarial therapy selection for quinolone resistance among Escherichia coli in the absence of quinolone exposure, in tropical South America.
PMID 18648533 · 2008Mutations in gyrA and parC were associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S458A
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Bactericidal activity of besifloxacin against staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.
PMID 20435780 · 2010Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80F
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Phenotypic and molecular characterization of Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates from nosocomial outbreaks in Los Angeles County, California.
PMID 18524965 · 2008Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84K
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Antimalarial therapy selection for quinolone resistance among Escherichia coli in the absence of quinolone exposure, in tropical South America.
PMID 18648533 · 2008Mutations in gyrA and parC were associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S458T
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Genetic basis of multidrug resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates at a tertiary medical center in Pennsylvania.
PMID 18725452 · 2008Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80L
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Correlation of antimicrobial resistance with beta-lactamases, the OmpA-like porin, and efflux pumps in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii endemic to New York City.
PMID 18591275 · 2008Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80L
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Spontaneous quinolone resistance in the zoonotic serovar of Vibrio vulnificus.
PMID 19218407 · 2009Mutation in parC contributes to fluoroquinolone resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S85L
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin against pneumococci.
PMID 20008781 · 2010mutations in quinolone resistance-determining region associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S79F
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Molecular Diagnostic Technologies in Clinical Microbiology
PMID 19377839 · 2010Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80L
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Bactericidal activity of besifloxacin against staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.
PMID 20435780 · 2010Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80F
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Bactericidal activity of besifloxacin against staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.
PMID 20435780 · 2010Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80F
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Bactericidal activity of besifloxacin against staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.
PMID 20435780 · 2010Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80F
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
In vitro antibacterial activities of JNJ-Q2, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone.
PMID 20176911 · 2010Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S79Y
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Bactericidal activity of besifloxacin against staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.
PMID 20435780 · 2010Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S79Y
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
In vitro antibacterial activities of JNJ-Q2, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone.
PMID 20176911 · 2010Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- I143V
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Bactericidal activity of besifloxacin against staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.
PMID 20435780 · 2010Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80Y
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Bactericidal activity of besifloxacin against staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.
PMID 20435780 · 2010Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80Y
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Bactericidal activity of besifloxacin against staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.
PMID 20435780 · 2010Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80Y
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Bactericidal activity of besifloxacin against staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.
PMID 20435780 · 2010Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80Y
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
The prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance mechanisms in colonizing Escherichia coli isolates recovered from hospitalized patients.
PMID 20597679 · 2010Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80L
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
The prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance mechanisms in colonizing Escherichia coli isolates recovered from hospitalized patients.
PMID 20597679 · 2010Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- D84G
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Activity of quinolones against gram-positive cocci: mechanisms of drug action and bacterial resistance.
PMID 12373497 · 2002Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Alterations in the GyrA subunit of DNA gyrase and the ParC subunit of DNA topoisomerase IV associated with quinolone resistance in Enterococcus faecalis.
PMID 9527801 · 1998Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84K
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Activity of quinolones against gram-positive cocci: mechanisms of drug action and bacterial resistance.
PMID 12373497 · 2002Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Alterations in the GyrA subunit of DNA gyrase and the ParC subunit of DNA topoisomerase IV associated with quinolone resistance in Enterococcus faecalis.
PMID 9527801 · 1998Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84K
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Activity of quinolones against gram-positive cocci: mechanisms of drug action and bacterial resistance.
PMID 12373497 · 2002Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84K
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Surgical treatment for anomalous origin of left coronary artery from pulmonary artery.
PMID 123735 · 1975Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Activity of quinolones against gram-positive cocci: mechanisms of drug action and bacterial resistance.
PMID 12373497 · 2002Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84T
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Activity of quinolones against gram-positive cocci: mechanisms of drug action and bacterial resistance.
PMID 12373497 · 2002Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84A
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Alterations in the GyrA subunit of DNA gyrase and the ParC subunit of DNA topoisomerase IV associated with quinolone resistance in Enterococcus faecalis.
PMID 9527801 · 1998Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84T
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Activity of quinolones against gram-positive cocci: mechanisms of drug action and bacterial resistance.
PMID 12373497 · 2002Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80R
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Activity of quinolones against gram-positive cocci: mechanisms of drug action and bacterial resistance.
PMID 12373497 · 2002Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84K
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Alterations in the GyrA subunit of DNA gyrase and the ParC subunit of DNA topoisomerase IV associated with quinolone resistance in Enterococcus faecalis.
PMID 9527801 · 1998Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84T
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Surgical treatment for anomalous origin of left coronary artery from pulmonary artery.
PMID 123735 · 1975Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Alterations in the GyrA subunit of DNA gyrase and the ParC subunit of DNA topoisomerase IV associated with quinolone resistance in Enterococcus faecalis.
PMID 9527801 · 1998Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84A
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Activity of quinolones against gram-positive cocci: mechanisms of drug action and bacterial resistance.
PMID 12373497 · 2002Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84T
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Surgical treatment for anomalous origin of left coronary artery from pulmonary artery.
PMID 123735 · 1975Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80R
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Surgical treatment for anomalous origin of left coronary artery from pulmonary artery.
PMID 123735 · 1975Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80R
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase IV parC gene.
PMID 8851598 · 1996Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80R
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase IV parC gene.
PMID 8851598 · 1996Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Activity of quinolones against gram-positive cocci: mechanisms of drug action and bacterial resistance.
PMID 12373497 · 2002Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80R
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Activity of quinolones against gram-positive cocci: mechanisms of drug action and bacterial resistance.
PMID 12373497 · 2002Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84A
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Alterations in the GyrA subunit of DNA gyrase and the ParC subunit of DNA topoisomerase IV associated with quinolone resistance in Enterococcus faecalis.
PMID 9527801 · 1998Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84A
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Patterns of mutations in target genes in septicemia isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with resistance or reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin.
PMID 14510643 · 2003Unknown phenotype if S57T occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S57T
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Prevalence of quinolone resistance mechanisms and associations to minimum inhibitory concentrations in quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from humans and swine in Denmark.
PMID 18500921 · 2008Unknown phenotype if F60I or F60K occur alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- F60K
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase IV parC gene.
PMID 8851598 · 1996Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp.
PMID 25631675 · 2015Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80L
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp.
PMID 25631675 · 2015Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80L
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Prevalence of quinolone resistance mechanisms and associations to minimum inhibitory concentrations in quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from humans and swine in Denmark.
PMID 18500921 · 2008Unknown phenotype if F60I or F60K occur alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- F60I
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp.
PMID 25631675 · 2015Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80R
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp.
PMID 25631675 · 2015Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80L
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
High percentage of resistance to ciprofloxacin and qnrB19 gene identified in urinary isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Madrid, Spain.
PMID 20638608 · 2010Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84V
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
High percentage of resistance to ciprofloxacin and qnrB19 gene identified in urinary isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Madrid, Spain.
PMID 20638608 · 2010Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84A
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation in B lymphocytes: potential role in immunosuppression.
PMID 1850092 · 1991Unknown phenotype if F60I or F60K occur alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- F60I
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase IV parC gene.
PMID 8851598 · 1996Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80W
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Topoisomerase IV is a target of quinolones in Escherichia coli.
PMID 8524852 · 1995Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80L
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Mutations in gyrA and parC genes in nalidixic acid-resistant Escherichia coli strains from food products, humans and animals.
PMID 12654733 · 2003Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84G
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Topoisomerase IV is a target of quinolones in Escherichia coli.
PMID 8524852 · 1995Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84K
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
High percentage of resistance to ciprofloxacin and qnrB19 gene identified in urinary isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Madrid, Spain.
PMID 20638608 · 2010Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84V
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Mutations in gyrA and parC genes in nalidixic acid-resistant Escherichia coli strains from food products, humans and animals.
PMID 12654733 · 2003Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84R
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Patterns of mutations in target genes in septicemia isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with resistance or reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin.
PMID 14510643 · 2003Unknown phenotype if G78C occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- G78D
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Topoisomerase IV is a target of quinolones in Escherichia coli.
PMID 8524852 · 1995Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80R
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp.
PMID 25631675 · 2015Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80W
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp.
PMID 25631675 · 2015Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80L
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Topoisomerase IV is a target of quinolones in Escherichia coli.
PMID 8524852 · 1995Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84V
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Topoisomerase IV is a target of quinolones in Escherichia coli.
PMID 8524852 · 1995Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84A
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Mutations in gyrA and parC genes in nalidixic acid-resistant Escherichia coli strains from food products, humans and animals.
PMID 12654733 · 2003Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- A56T
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase IV parC gene.
PMID 8851598 · 1996Unknown phenotype if G78C occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- G78C
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp.
PMID 25631675 · 2015Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80R
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase IV parC gene.
PMID 8851598 · 1996Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80W
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Topoisomerase IV is a target of quinolones in Escherichia coli.
PMID 8524852 · 1995Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84G
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
High percentage of resistance to ciprofloxacin and qnrB19 gene identified in urinary isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Madrid, Spain.
PMID 20638608 · 2010Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84K
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Topoisomerase IV is a target of quinolones in Escherichia coli.
PMID 8524852 · 1995Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84R
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation in B lymphocytes: potential role in immunosuppression.
PMID 1850092 · 1991Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- A108T
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase IV parC gene.
PMID 8851598 · 1996Unknown phenotype if G78C occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- G78D
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80R
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp.
PMID 25631675 · 2015Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp.
PMID 25631675 · 2015Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80W
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Mutations in gyrA and parC genes in nalidixic acid-resistant Escherichia coli strains from food products, humans and animals.
PMID 12654733 · 2003Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84K
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
High percentage of resistance to ciprofloxacin and qnrB19 gene identified in urinary isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Madrid, Spain.
PMID 20638608 · 2010Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84K
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Mutations in gyrA and parC genes in nalidixic acid-resistant Escherichia coli strains from food products, humans and animals.
PMID 12654733 · 2003Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84A
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
High percentage of resistance to ciprofloxacin and qnrB19 gene identified in urinary isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Madrid, Spain.
PMID 20638608 · 2010Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84R
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation in B lymphocytes: potential role in immunosuppression.
PMID 1850092 · 1991Unknown phenotype if F60I or F60K occur alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- F60K
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Topoisomerase IV is a target of quinolones in Escherichia coli.
PMID 8524852 · 1995Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80I
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp.
PMID 25631675 · 2015Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80W
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Mutations in gyrA and parC genes in nalidixic acid-resistant Escherichia coli strains from food products, humans and animals.
PMID 12654733 · 2003Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84G
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Mutations in gyrA and parC genes in nalidixic acid-resistant Escherichia coli strains from food products, humans and animals.
PMID 12654733 · 2003Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84V
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation in B lymphocytes: potential role in immunosuppression.
PMID 1850092 · 1991Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- A108V
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Patterns of mutations in target genes in septicemia isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with resistance or reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin.
PMID 14510643 · 2003Unknown phenotype if G78C occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- G78C
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Characterisation of novel mutations involved in quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from imported shrimp.
PMID 25631675 · 2015Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80R
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Topoisomerase IV is a target of quinolones in Escherichia coli.
PMID 8524852 · 1995Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80W
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase IV parC gene.
PMID 8851598 · 1996Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80L
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli isolates obtained from healthy children in Spain.
PMID 12523629 · 2002Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- A108V
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase IV parC gene.
PMID 8851598 · 1996Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80R
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80W
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase IV parC gene.
PMID 8851598 · 1996Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- S80L
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
High percentage of resistance to ciprofloxacin and qnrB19 gene identified in urinary isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Madrid, Spain.
PMID 20638608 · 2010Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84G
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Mutations in gyrA and parC genes in nalidixic acid-resistant Escherichia coli strains from food products, humans and animals.
PMID 12654733 · 2003Unknown phenotype if each mutation occurs alone. Nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance when associated with gyrA mutations
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Protein Change
- E84V
Effect on Function
Target modification
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
PMID 18838592 · 2009Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Nucleotide Change
- A240G
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
In vitro activity of DC-159a, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, compared with that of other agents against drug-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci.
PMID 17938189 · 2008Mutation detected in quinolone-resistant strains
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Nucleotide Change
- C237T
- Protein Change
- S79F
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
PMID 18838592 · 2009Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Nucleotide Change
- G1373A
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Quinolone resistance among Escherichia coli strains from community-acquired urinary tract infections in Greece.
PMID 14706091 · 2004Additional mutation in parC associated with high-level resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Nucleotide Change
- G251A
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
PMID 18838592 · 2009Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Nucleotide Change
- G252A
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Mutation rate and evolution of fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from patients with urinary tract infections.
PMID 14506034 · 2003Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Nucleotide Change
- GAA -> AAG
- Protein Change
- E84K
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Mechanisms accounting for fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli clinical isolates.
PMID 18838592 · 2009Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Nucleotide Change
- T1392A
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Subtle genetic changes enhance virulence of methicillin resistant and sensitive Staphylococcus aureus.
PMID 17986343 · 2007The tyrosine-containing ParC protein confers resistance to ciprofloxacin.
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Nucleotide Change
- T80C
- Protein Change
- Y80S
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Mutation rate and evolution of fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from patients with urinary tract infections.
PMID 14506034 · 2003Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Nucleotide Change
- TCA -> ATA
- Protein Change
- S80I
Confers Resistance To
Organisms Observed In
Quinolone resistance among Escherichia coli strains from community-acquired urinary tract infections in Greece.
PMID 14706091 · 2004Additional mutation in parC associated with high-level resistance
Mutation Information
- Gene Name
- parC
- Nucleotide Change
- TCC->ATC