Key Findings

The study identifies several extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes, including bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-28, bla CTX-M-3, bla CTX-M-61, bla TEM, and bla SHV, which confer resistance to various beta-lactam antibiotics in Escherichia coli isolates from effluent samples.