Key Findings

The study identified mutations in genes such as rpoB, katG, embB, pncA, rrs, fabG1, and gyrA that confer resistance to rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, pyrazinamide, streptomycin, aminoglycosides, ethionamide, and fluoroquinolones in MDR and XDR-TB isolates in Slovakia.