Key Findings

The study identified various extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes, including bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-2, bla CTX-M-5, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-22, bla CTX-M-28, bla SHV-5, bla SHV-12, bla TEM-1, bla OXA-1, bla OXA-2, bla OXA-5, bla PER-1, bla ACT-1, bla MIR-1, bla CMY-2, bla FOX-1, bla DHA-1, and bla KPC-2, in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates.